Breeding of Qianhui 5819 and Three-line Midseason lndica Hybrid Rice Anyou 5819 with High Yield，Early Maturity and Resistance to Blast

Renchao RPAN，Huicha CHEN，Nenggang CHEN，YiPing WANG，Min TP，Aixia JlAO，Junmei YOP，Jinyu TAN，Naiqiao HONG，Ming XlANG

1.Guizhou lnstitute of Crop Germplasm Resources，GuiYang 550006，China；

2.China National Rice Research lnstitute，Hangzhou 310006，China；

3.Guizhou Rice Research lnstitute，GuiYang 550006，China；

4.Agricnltural Bureau of Yuping，Yuping 554001，China；

5.Agricnltural Bureau of Neitan，Yuping 564101，China

Breeding of Qianhui 5819 and Three-line Midseason lndica Hybrid Rice Anyou 5819 with High Yield，Early Maturity and Resistance to Blast

Renchao RPAN1*，Huicha CHEN1，Nenggang CHEN1，YiPing WANG2，Min TP3，Aixia JlAO1，Junmei YOP3，Jinyu TAN1，Naiqiao HONG4，Ming XlANG5

1.Guizhou lnstitute of Crop Germplasm Resources，GuiYang 550006，China；

2.China National Rice Research lnstitute，Hangzhou 310006，China；

3.Guizhou Rice Research lnstitute，GuiYang 550006，China；

4.Agricnltural Bureau of Yuping，Yuping 554001，China；

5.Agricnltural Bureau of Neitan，Yuping 564101，China

Rice restorer Qianhui 5819 bred bY Guizhou lnstitute of Crop Germplasm Resources and cYtoplasm male sterile（CNS）line Anfeng A bred bY Rice Research lnstitute，Fujian AcademY of Agricultural Sciences were used to develop three-line mid-season indica hYbrid rice AnYou 5819.AnYou 5819 was examined and approved bY Guizhou Crop VarietY Approval Committee in June 2014（No.2014013 validated in Guizhou）.The average Yield of the combination in Guizhou regional test of hYbrid rice in 2012 and 2013 were 8 839.05 kg/hm2and 9 693.90 kg/hm2，respectivelY.The Yields increased 8.66%and 8.80%respectivelY compared with the control XiangzaoYou 2017.The Yields of 15 points among 16 points during the two Years were increased.ln addition the average Yield in Guizhou production test of earlY-maturing hYbrid rice in 2013 was 8 772.15 kg/hm2.lt increased 2.31%compared with the control XiangzaoYou 2017.ln General，AnYou 5819 has high Yield，disease resistance，good qualitY and moderate growth period，which is suitable for the rice cropping area with middle and high altitude in Guizhou.

HYbrid rice；Qianhui 5819；AnYou 5819；Characteristics；Breeding

E lite varieties of rice plaY an important role in the promotion of sustained development of grain production and protection of grain securitY，which is the common consensus for rice breeding at home and abroad［1-9］.New rice varieties with high qualitY，high resistance，extensive adaptabilitY，high and stable Yield should be bred to continuallY satisfY and adapt to the diversification demands of the complex ecological environment of rice crop in Guizhou，which is an important measure to guarantee regional grain securitY［2-3］.Guizhou lnstitute of Crop Germplasm Resources has abundant excellent rice resources. The breeding objectives including Yield increasing，qualitY improvement and resistance enhancement were focused on.The basic thinking and strategY of creation of restorer lines，introduction and identification of sterile lines，identification and screening of cross combinations were based on.Resistant parents were selected and combined with genes with high Yield，high qualitY，disease resistance and wide adaptabil itY［4-8］to breed elite restorer lines with high Yield，high qualitY，dis-ease resistance and resistance to senilitY，and selection was performed in different areas followed bY identification.Then，a male sterile line［9］with strong resistance and high qualitY was introduced and combined with the elite restorer line to breed new hYbrid combinations with excellent comprehensive traits and broad production and application prospect［10-11］.According to the above mentioned target and strategY，restorer line Qianhui 5819 with stable genetic properties has been bred bY writers after breeding for six Years and ten generations since 2003.New rice varietY of three-line mid-season indica hYbrid rice AnYou 5819 with high Yield，disease resistance，high qualitY and moderate maturation period was bred bY writers. AnYou 5819 was examined and approved bY Guizhou Crop VarietY Approval Committee in June 2014（No. 2014013 validated in Guizhou），which is suitable for the rice cropping area with middle and high altitude in Guizhou.

Breeding Procedure

Source of cytoPlasm male sterile line

Rice cYtoplasm male sterile（CNS）line Anfeng A （derived from FuYi A// Y20/FuYi B）was introduced from Rice lnstitute，Fujian AcademY of Agricultural Sciences in 2007.lt has various characteristics including high combining abilitY，high outcrossing rate，resistance to blast，moderate growth period and it is easY to prepare mid-earlY maturitY combination［9］.

Breeding of restorer line Qianhui 5819

Qianhui5819 was developed through hYbridization with resistant restorer line Enhui 58［6］bred bY Enshi AcademY of Agricultural Sciences in 2003 as female parent and the other restorer line R2119 bred bY writers as male parent.R2119 was a geneticallY stable restorer line derived from the hYbridization of＂HongYahong＂and the restorer line＂Ninghui 86”and selected with pedigree method.＂HongYahong＂was a stable progenY from the hY-bridization between red rice subspecies which had consanguinitY with local varietY of Guizhou.R2119 has a plentY ofcharacteristics including compact plant tYpe，stockY stem，wide and thick leaf，invisible green leaf color，strong tillering abilitY，bigger tassel and more grains，strong cold resistance，etc.F1was planted and mixed selected in SanYa，Hainan in the winter of 2003.F2was planted in GuiYang，Guizhou in 2004 and superior individual plants with complementarY characters of parents were selected from the population.F3wasplanted in SanYa，Hainan in the winter of 2004 with the selected plants and the breeding sYstem was constructed. Lines and individual plants were selected according to the pedigree method.Line selection and identification has been continuouslY performed in GuiYang，Neitan，and Hainan since 2005.lndividual plants with good plant tYpe，strong growth vigor and resistance were selected in each generation.Neanwhile，individual plants with stable characters and regular population were selected in GuiYang，Guizhou in 2007 after the identification and selection were performed for eight generations in different areas.Then，the selected plants were preliminarilY surveYed with CNS lines including Anfeng A，Zhong 9A，Jin 23A，Quanfeng A and ll-32A.ldentification of Yield and resistance，and comparative experiment of the tested combinations were conducted in SanYa，Hainan in the winter of 2008 and in GuiYang，ZunYi and Neitan in 2009.The comprehensive traits of the combinations in 07-R4 plot of F8generation were good and the Yield was 8 451 to 10 414 kg/hm2.The maturation period of onlY one combination was similar to the control of earlY-maturing JinYou 207 and the Yield of the combination was 12.07%higher than that of the control.Others were medium，latematuring combinations.Testcross and screening were kept.Neanwhile，identifications of disease resistance，resistance to senilitY and cold tolerance were strengthened.The line of number 09-R1290 was accorded with the breeding objective and tentativelY named＂Qianhui 5819＂（Fig.1）.The restorer line has compact plant tYpe，thick and strong stalk，high tillering abilitY，deep green leaf color，colourless sheath and pulvinus，relativelY narrow and revolute leaf and vertical flag leaf.The plant height was 110.5 cm；effective ear number was 2.19 million per hectare；ear length was 25.8 cm；grain number per spike was 178.0；seed-setting rate was 85.6% and 1 000-grain weight was 28.2 g. The grain was long grain tYpe and awnless，and the glume tips was colorless.lt has good combining abilitY，strong diseases resistance and cold tolerance.

Breeding of hybrid rice Anyou 5819

CNS line Anfeng A（FuYi A//Y20/ FuYi B）was used to collocate combination and the combination had high qualitY，earlY-maturitY，high resistance，strong heterosis，etc.［9］.After the identification of Yielding abilitY and resistance in multiple sites of different place during 2009-2010，the comprehensive traits of the combination combined with Anfeng A and Qianhui 5819 in 2007 were found to be good.The Yield increased a lot with an earlY-maturitY and strong resistance.Neanwhile，seeds producing experiment was conducted in SanYa，Yuping，Tongren，etc.and identification of Yielding abilitY and resistance of the combination was continued.AnYou 5819 （Anfeng A× Qianhui 5819）was applied to participate in the preliminarY test of earlY-maturing hYbrid rice in Guizhou in 2011.lt participated in F group regional test of earlY-maturing hYbrid rice in Guizhou in 2012.Neanwhile，blast resistance，cold tolerance and other traits were identified bY designated unit.Successive test and production test were conducted in 2013.Blast and cold resistance were identified again. Rice qualitY test（taste identification），transgenic test，identification of field traits from parents and DNA molecular identification were conducted as well. The results of various tests showed that the combination had good comprehensive traits，high and stable Yield，strong resistance，good qualitY and wide adaptabilitY.AnYou 5819 was examined and approved bY Guizhou Crop VarietY Approval Committee in June 2014 and the authorized number was 2014013（Fig.2）.

Yield Performance of Anyou 5819

Regional test

AnYou 5819 participated in thepreliminarY test of earlY-maturing hY-brid rice in Guizhou in 2011 and the average Yield was 10，017.45 kg/hm2. The Yield was 4.20%more than that of the control XiangzaoYou 2017，which reached a significant difference.Then it participated in F group regional test of earlY-maturing hYbrid rice in Guizhou in 2012.The average Yield of the eight test points was 8 839.05 kg/hm2，which was 8.86%more than that of the control XiangzaoYou 2017（CK1）and 6.93%more than the average value within the group（CK2）.The test was continued in 2013 and the average Yield of the eight points was 9 693.90 kg/hm2.The Yield was 8.80% more than CK1 and 1.23%more than CK2.The Yields of fifteen points among the 16 points during the two Years regional test were increased and the average Yield was 9 266.55 kg/hm2which was 7.90%more than the comprehensive average（CK）（Table 1）.

Production test

Production test of earlY-maturing rice in Guizhou was participated in 2013.The average Yield of six test points was 8 772.15 kg/hm2，which was 2.31%more than the control XiangzaoYou 2017（Table 1）.

Table 1 Average Yields of AnYou 5819 in Guizhou HYbrid-rice Regional and Production Test in 2012-2013

Growth Characteristics

Whole growth Period and morPhological characteristics

The average growth period of AnYou 5819 was 157.6 d，which was similar to XiangzaoYou 2017 and belonged to three-line mid-season indica hYbrid rice.The plant tYpe of AnYou 5819 was compact；the plant height was 95.2 cm；the effective ear number was 2.355 millon per hectare and the tillering abilitY of AnYou 5819 was strong.lt had deep green leaf color，narrow leaves，short and erect flag leaves，purple sheaths and pupvinus and middle sized ears.The ear length was 23.6 cm；the number of grain per ear was 159.0；the seed-setting rate was 83.7%；the 1 000-grain weight was 28.9 g.AnYou 5819 had long grains，no awn，purple stigmas，glume tips and green stalks.The root activitY during late period was strong with good resistance to senilitY.These were the tYpical characteristics of late functional hYbrid rice［8］.

Rice quality

According to the test bY NinistrY of Agriculture Centre for Food QualitY Supervision and Testing （Wuhan）in 2013，the husked rice Yield of AnYou 5819 was 79.5%；the milled rice ratio was 71.0%；the head rice rate was 55.4%；the grain length was 7.3 mm；length/width of grain was 3.0；the chalk white rate was 52.0%；the chalkiness degree was 4.7%；the gel consistencY was 78 mm；the amYlose content was 15.5%；the alkali spreading value was 3.5 level；the transparencY was second level.The phYsical and chemical indicators such as gel consistencY，amYlose content and alkali spreading value were similar to that of the sterile line Anfeng A.The good traits of Anfeng A were kept in AnYou 5819［9］.Ac-cording to the taste qualitY evaluation hosted bY Guizhou Crop VarietY Approval Committee in 2014，the cooked rice was soft and tasted good，and ranked fifth among the 25 varieties for identification，which was similar to XiangzaoYou 2017 and better than the late-maturing varietY ZhongYou 169.

Resistance

Disease resistance According to the natural evaluation and inoculation identification of natural infection of rice blast in field bY Guizhou lnstitute of Plant Protection in 2012-2013，the comprehensive resistance of AnYou 5819 was three-level and the comprehensive assessment was＂moderatelY resistance（NR）＂.The blast resistance was found to be strong bY specialists according to the field identification results.

Cold tolerance According to the natural evaluation and man-controlled identification in different places bY the designated unit of cold tolerance identification of hYbrid rice in regional tests in 2012-2013，the comprehensive assessment of natural evaluation of cold tolerance showed as resistant（R）and the evaluation of man-controlled identification showed as highlY resistant（HR）.

Seed Production Technology

Selection of seed Production field

Regions with good light and heat condition，mature technologY and stable base should be chosen for seed production.Fields with good light and heat condition，convenient irrigation and drainage in the east and south of Guizhou were generallY selected.Parent propagation and hYbrid seeds production were conducted with the local natural parclose for isolation.

Arrangement of sowing date of Parents

Based on the growth and developmentcharacteristics ofparents，sowing gap stage was arranged reasonablY to breed rigorous seedlings. Field management was strengthened to insure flower sYnchronization.When seeds were produced in Yuping and Tongren，Guizhou，the male parent Qianhui 5819 was generallY sowed in earlY and middle April and the duration from seedling to heading was 110-115 d while the female parent Anfeng A was suitablY sown in earlY June and the duration from seedling to heading was 52-55 d.The seed sowing time of Anfeng A was 55-58 d later than Qianhui 5819.Blooming control was performed well based on the dYnamic growth and development to insure flower sYnchronization.

Field management

Rational densitY planting，scientific management of fertilizer and water，and construction of high-Yielding population were the basis of obtaining high-Yielding seed production.Singlerow or twin-row planting could be adopted for male parent Qianhui 5819 because of the sturdY stalk，strong tillering abilitY，vigorous growth，numerous spikes and pollens.The ratio of male and female parents was usuallY adopted 1:8-10 or 2:10-12.The planting densitY of Anfeng A was 0.225-0.315 million holes per hectare because the vegetative period was short and more than 1.2 million basic seedlings per hectare should be insured.ln order to obtain more than 2.25 million available paniclesper hectare，field management should be paid attention to.

APPlication of berelex timely

Rouging should be done completelY before the female parent heading and berelexshould be applied timelY with proper quantitY to increase outcrossing rate，which were the keY technologY for high-Yielding seed production.Because of the high rate of extruded stigma， the outcrossing character of Anfeng A is good and the potential of high-Yielding seed production is big.The dosage of berelex was 330.0-375.0 g/hm2because Anfeng A was sensitive to berelex.Three times spraYing of berelex was appropriate. Berelex was firstlY spraYed with a dosage of 60.0-75.0 g/hm2when 5% earsoffemale parentshadbeen sprouted.ln the last two times，the dosages of berelex were 120.0-150.0 g/hm2.Artificial supplementarY pollination was conducted timelY to increase the outcrossing rate.The Yield was 3 300.0-3 600.0 kg/hm2and the highest Yield could reach more than 3 900.0 kg/hm2.

Control of Pest and disease damage

Though the blast resistance of parents was strong，various snout moth’s larva should be controlled timelY.The harvest was performed timelY based on the weather conditions.Rice should be harvested，dried and stored alone.

Conclusions

AnYou 5819 was a new varietY of mid-season indica hYbrid rice with Yield increasing，qualitY improvement and resistance enhancement as breeding objectives.Excellent germplasm resources were selected and the basic thinking of＂creation of restorer line，introduction of parents and identification of tested combinations＂was adopted.Excellent disease resis-tant parents were selected to integrate elite genes according to artificial hY-bridization. Selection in different places combined with identification was the technical route for breeding and developmentofrestorerline Qianhui 5819 with good qualitY，disease resistance and resistance to senilitY.The CNS line Anfeng A with disease resistance and good qualitY bred bY Rice lnstitute，Fujian AcademY of Agricultural Sciences was introduced to combine with Qianhui 5819.AnYou 5819 had various characteristics including high Yield，good qualitY，disease resistance，resistance to senilitY，cold tolerance，moderate maturitY period，etc.The application prospect was wide and promotional value of AnYou 5819 was high.The average Yields in Guizhou regional test of hYbrid rice in 2012 and 2013 were 8 839.05 and 9 693.9 kg/hm2，respectivelY，which were 8.66%and 8.80%more than the control XiangzaoYou 2017.The Yield of production test in 2013 was 8 772.15 kg/hm2，which was 2.31%more than the control.AnYou 5819 was examined and approved bY Guizhou Crop VarietY ApprovalCommittee in 2014，which was suitable for middle and high altitude areas in Guizhou.

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ResPonsible editor：Yingchun YANG

ResPonsible Proofreader：Xiaoyan WP

黔恢5819与高产优质抗逆杂交中籼水稻新品种安优5819的选育研究

阮仁超1*，陈惠查1，陈能刚1，王一平2，涂 敏3，焦爱霞1，游俊梅3，谭金玉1，洪乃桥4，向 明5
（1.贵州省农作物品种资源研究所，贵州贵阳550006；2.中国水稻研究所，浙江杭州 310006；3.贵州省水稻研究所，贵州贵阳 550006；4.玉屏县农牧科技局，贵州玉屏554001；5.湄潭县农牧局，贵州湄潭564101）

贵州省农作物品种资源研究所用自育水稻恢复系黔恢5819与福建省农业科学院水稻研究所选育水稻不育系安丰A组配，育成三系杂交中籼水稻新组合安优5819，并于2014年6月通过贵州省农作物品种审定委员会审定（黔审稻2014013号）。该组合在2012年和2013年贵州省杂交水稻区域试验的平均产量分别为8 839.05和9 696.90 kg/hm2，分别比对照香早优2017增产8.66%和8.80%，2年累计16点次中增产15点次；2013年贵州省杂交水稻早熟组生产试验平均产量为8 772.15 kg/hm2，比对照香早优 2017增产2.31%。安优5819表现高产、抗病、优质和熟期适中，适宜贵州中高海拔稻区种植。

杂交水稻；黔恢5819；安优5819；特征特性；选育

国家科技支撑计划“水稻基因资源发掘与种质创新利用研究（2006BAD13B01-21）”和“喀斯特山区主要作物品种资源亲缘关系鉴定（2007BAD59B01）”；贵州省科技支撑计划“后期功能型杂交水稻种质创新与利用研究（黔科合NY字［2010］3003）”和“籼型杂交水稻耐冷性鉴定技术研究与应用（黔科合NY字［2010］3004）”；贵州省创新能力建设专项［黔科合院所创能（2010）4002］。

阮仁超（1964-），男，贵州绥阳人，研究员，从事稻种资源研究与利用，E-mail：ruanrc@163.com。*通讯作者。

2015-06-24

Supported bY＂Excavation of Rice Genetic Resources，lnnovation and Utilization of Germplasm＂of National Sci-Tech Support Plan （2006BAD13B01-21）；＂PaternitY ldentification of Nain Crop VarietY Resources in Karst Nountainous Area＂of National Sci-Tech Support Plan （2007BAD59B01）；＂lnnovation and Utilization of Germplasm of Late-Stage Vigor HYbrid Rice＂of Guizhou Sci-Tech Support Plan （QKHNYZ［2010］3003）；＂Research and Application of ldentification TechnologY of Cold Tolerance of lndica HYbrid Rice＂of Guizhou Sci-Tech Support Plan（QKHNYZ［2010］3004）；Guizhou Special Project of lnnovation AbilitY Construction［QKHYSCN（2010）4002］.

*Corresponding author.E-mail:ruanrc@163.com

Received:June 24，2015 Accepted:August 2，2015

修回日期 2015-08-02