何 堤,容跃堂,王晓丽,董苗娜
(西安工程大学 理学院,西安710048)
由于种群间的相互影响在种群扩散中起很重要的作用,在实际应用中带有交叉扩散项的情况更能准确的反应捕食活动中捕食者和食饵的关系,因此研究带有交叉扩散项的捕食-食饵模型具有重要意义.近年来,许多学者致力于带有交叉扩散项的捕食-食饵模型的研究,也取得了重要的研究成果.文献[1]利用扰动理论、分歧理论、算子谱理论及Turing理论研究了一类捕食模型正常数平衡态解的稳定性与分歧;文献[2-3]利用局部分歧定理和全局分歧定理研究了一类捕食模型正平衡解的局部分歧以及全局分歧;文献[4]研究了一类带有Holling II功能反应函数的捕食-食饵模型的局部分歧;文献[5]研究了一类具有交叉扩散的捕食模型正解的存在性以及全局分歧.鉴于带有交叉扩散项的捕食-食饵模型具体类型较多,文献[6]研究了该模型无交叉扩散和自扩散的情形,利用分歧理论得到了正解的存在性、局部唯一性和稳定性;文献[7]考虑具有交叉扩散的影响,讨论了模型正解的存在性以及正解的先验估计.然而上述研究并未考虑交叉扩散与自扩散同时存在时捕食者和食饵的关系,为此,文中研究具有交叉扩散和自扩散项的捕食-食饵模型在齐次Dirichlet边界条件下正解的存在性.
式中:Ω为Rn中具有光滑边界∂Ω上的有界区域;Δ为Laplace算子;u,v分别表示食饵和捕食者的分布密度;a,b,c,m1,m2均为正常数;α1,β2为自扩散系数;α2,β1为交叉扩散系数.
考虑式(1)对应的平衡态系统
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