Module 1 Our Body and Healthy Habits

高考词汇

eye vt. 注视；观看

head vi. 朝……方向前进

injure vt. 伤害

breathe vi. 呼吸

diet n. 饮食；日常实物

fat n. 脂肪

flu n. 流行性感冒

toothache n. 牙痛

pain n. 疼痛

injury n. 伤害；损伤；受伤处

captain n. 队长

lung n. 肺

throat n. 喉咙；咽喉；嗓子

prescription n. 处方

symptom n. 症状

X-ray n. X光

insurance n. 保险

questionnaire n. 问卷；问卷调查；调查表

fit adj. 健康的；强健的

unhealthy adj. 不健康的；有碍健康的

wealthy adj. 富裕的；有钱的

anxious adj. 焦虑的；不安的；渴望的

rare adj. 稀少的

painful adj. 疼痛的

normal adj. 正常的；一般的

overweight adj. （人）太胖的；超重的

awful adj. 可怕的；吓人的

rarely adv. 稀少的；极少的

常用短语

head towards 朝向；前进

put...into... 将…… 投入……

become/fall ill 生病

pick up 开车（接人）； 拿起； 举起

be off work 不上班

describe...as... 把…… 描述为……

lose weight 减肥

evaluate vt. / vi. 评价；估计；估价

contribute vt. / vi. 捐献；贡献

contribution n. 捐献；贡献

portion n. 一部分；一份

intention n. 意图

chest n. 胸部； 胸腔

migraine n. 偏头痛

aspirin n. 阿司匹林

attentive adj. 注意的；专心的；留心的

private adj. 隐私的；秘密的

privately adv. 隐私地；秘密地

词的转化（Conversion）

词的转化指的是一个词不变化其词形，由一种词类转化为另一种或几种词类。本模块应予以解决名词转化为动词的用法。

以下名词通常被转化为动词来使用：

book n. 书→ v. 预订，diet n. 日常饮食→ v. 节食，dress n. 服装→ v. 给……穿衣服，eye n. 眼睛→ v. 看，注视，head n. 头→ v. 前进，hand n. 手→ v. 递，nurse n. 护士→ v. 照料，taste n. 味道→ v. 品尝/尝起来，telephone n. 电话→ v. 打电话，例如：

Could you please hand me the newspaper？

词汇短语园地

1. head vi. & vt. 朝向；前进；率领

n. 头；头部；头脑；领袖

Where are you heading for now？ 你现在往哪儿走？

The girl is heading the group. 那女孩带领着队伍。

Please raise your head and look at the blackboard.

请抬起头来看黑板。

He is the head of our school. 他是我们学校的校长。

head out 开出；出发

head towards/for 开往、前往（某地）

use ones head 动脑筋

at the head of 居首位；在最前头；以……为首

lose ones head 惊慌失措；失去理智

2. pain vt. 疼痛；痛苦

n. 疼痛；痛苦；努力；辛苦

She was deeply pained by the news.

这个消息让她极为痛苦。

He felt a sharp pain in his chest. 他感到胸口很痛。

No pains， no gains. 一份耕耘，一份收获。

（1） be at pains to do sth 努力做某事；极为注意

He is at pains to find facts.

他努力寻找事实的真相。

（2） take pains to do sth 费心（努力）做某事

He has taken pains to study the problem.

他费尽了心血去研究这个问题。

（3） take pains over/with sth 费力（用心）做某事

He is a good teacher and always takes great pains with his lectures.

他是位好教师，总是仔细用心地准备讲稿。

with pain 疼痛地

in pain 疼痛；痛苦

painful adj. 令人疼痛的

painkiller n. 止痛药

3. breathe vi. 呼吸

When we breathe， we draw air into our lungs.

呼吸时，我们把空气吸入肺里。

Give me a moment to breathe.

给我一会儿时间喘喘气。

breathe in/out 呼入（出）

breathe deeply 深呼吸

catch ones breath（因惊恐）屏住呼吸

hold ones breath（因紧张）屏住呼吸

lose ones breath 喘不过气

out of breath 气喘吁吁

4. eye vt. 注视；观看

n. 眼睛；视力；眼力

He couldnt help eyeing the cake hungrily.

他饥不可耐地盯着蛋糕。

The eye is bigger than the belly. 心有余而力不足。

We can have a birds eye view of the whole place from here.

我们可以从这儿鸟瞰整个地方。

keep an eye on 留意；照看

look sb in the eye（s） 直视某人；正视某人

an eye for an eye 以眼还眼；以牙还牙

5. fit vt. / vi.（使）适合；（使）符合；安装

adj. 适合的；恰当的；合格的；健康的；强健的

This suit doesnt fit me well. Have you got a larger size？

这套西装不怎么合身，有尺码大一点儿的吗？

The key doesnt fit the lock. 钥匙和锁不配。

A man came and fitted the telephone for her.

来了个人替她把电话装上了。

This book is fit for children to read.

这本书适合儿童阅读。

She is not fit for the job. 她不能胜任这工作。

He keeps fit by running five miles every day.

他每天跑五英里以保持健康。

fit in （with） 适合；符合；一致；和……和睦相处

fit in （into） 放进去；给……安排时间

be fit for/to do sth 适合（做）某事

keep fit 保持健康状态

6. anxious adj. 焦虑的；不安的；渴望的

She looks very anxious. 她看起来很焦虑。

There were a few anxious moments in the baseball game.

那场棒球赛中有些时刻令人焦虑不安。

（1） be anxious about sth 为某事担心、忧虑

He seemed anxious about the meeting.

他似乎对这次会议忧心忡忡。

（2） be anxious for sb 为某人担心、忧虑

Parents are anxious for their children.

父母为儿女担心。

（3） be anxious for sth 渴望某物

We are really anxious for peace. 我们真的渴望和平。

（4） be anxious to do sth 渴望、希望、想要做某事

He is anxious to see her. 他渴望见到她。

We are anxious to leave here. 我们急于要离开这儿。

有时可与be anxious for sth互换，如：

Hes anxious to/for know the result. 他渴望知道结果。

（5） be anxious for sb to do sth 渴望、希望某人做某事

We are anxious for him to come. 我们希望他来。

I am anxious for everything to be settled.

我希望把一切都解决好。

此句型有时可与从句的结构互换，上面两句可说成：

We are anxious that he should come.

I am anxious that everything should be settled.

7. injure vt. 伤害

injury n. 伤害；损伤；受伤处

Three people were killed and five injured in the crash.

撞车事故中有三人死亡，五人受伤。

If you try and lift that suitcase， youll do yourself an injury！你要是提起那只箱子，你就要受伤了！

injured adj. 受伤的；有伤的

the injured 受伤的人

8. rare adj. 稀少的；罕有的

rarely adv. 稀少地；极少地

These flowers are very rare in this country.

这些花在该国很少见。

Edison had rare powers as an inventor.

爱迪生具有罕见的发明才能。

She rarely goes anywhere except her office.

她除了去办公室以外， 很少去别的地方。

9. normal adj. 正常的；正规的；标准的

n. 常态；通常标准；一般水平

The normal temperature of the human body is about 36℃.

人体的正常体温大约是36摄氏度。

Its normal to feel tired after such a long trip.

这样长途旅行后感到疲劳是正常的。

above/below normal 标准以上 / 下

return to normal 恢复正常

10. begin with 以……开始

Begin with this one and do the others afterwards.

先做这个，然后再干其他的。

The concert began with the National Anthem.

音乐会以国歌开场。

11. be connected with 与……联系

He is also connected with the government.

他也跟政府有联系。

She was no longer connected with the Kane company.

她不再跟Kane公司有关。

12. put...into... 将……投入……

Put more effort into your work！ 努力工作吧！

Hes put all his savings into buying a house.

他把所有的积蓄都用来买房子了。

13. be crazy about 迷恋

Ive been crazy about him since the first time I saw him.

我从第一次见面就爱上他了。

Rick is crazy about football. 里克对足球着迷了。

14. lie down 躺下

Dont mention it. You should drink some water and go to lie down.

不客气。你应该多喝些水，去躺一下。

He lay down on the sofa and soon fell asleep.

她躺在沙发上很快就睡着了。

跟踪导练（一）

阅读理解

Do you love holidays but hate the increase weight that follows？ You are not alone.

Holidays are happy days with pleasure and delicious foods. Many people， however， are worried about the weight that comes along with these delicious foods.

With proper planning， though， it is possible to control your weight. The idea is to enjoy the holidays but not to eat too much. You dont have to turn away from the foods that you enjoy. The following suggestions may be of some help to you.

Do not miss meals. Before yon leave home for a feast （宴会）， have a small， low-fat snack. This may help to keep you from getting too excited before delicious foods. Begin with clear soup and fruit or vegetables. A large glass of water before you eat may help you feel full. Use a small plate； a large plate will encourage you to have more than enough.

Better not have high-fat foods. Dishes that look oily or creamy have much fat in them.

Choose lean meat （瘦肉 ）. Fill your plate with salad and green vegetables.

If you have a sweet tooth， try mints （薄荷） and fruits. They dont have fat content as cream and chocolate.

Dont let exercise take a break during the holidays. A 20-minute walk after a meal can help burn off excess （过多的） calories.

1. Holidays are happy days with pleasure but they may ___ .

A. bring weight problems

B. make you hate delicious foods

C. bring you much trouble in your life

D. make you worried about your foods

2. In order to enjoy your holidays without putting on weight， youd better ___ .

A. not eat the food in high fat

B. not accept invitations to feasts

C. turn away from delicious foods

D. drink much water and have vegetables only

3. Many people cant help putting on weight after the holidays because they ___ .

A. enjoy delicious foods

B. go to too many feasts

C. cant control themselves

D. cant help turning away from the foods

4. Excess calories can be found in your body in the form of ___ .

A. energy B. fat

C. food D. water

选词填空

从下列方框里10个单词中选择8个适当单词的正确形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每个单词只使用一次。

proverb fat diet anxious toothache

captain wealthy fit rare healthy

1. Mary is ____ to know the result of the examination.

2. The children seem to think Im much ____ for cooking and washing than their father.

3. Sleeping too late is a（n） ____ lifestyle.

4. He made his country ____ and powerful.

5. It is easy to lose weight if you watch your ____ .

6. Judy has a（n） ____ and she has gone to the dentists.

7. There is an old ____ ， “Love me， love my dog.”

8. The ships ____ spent his life sailing the sea.

单句改错（下列各句每句有1个错误。）

1. People will catch a cold easily in the winter. ___

2. Her face looks red and she must have high fever. ___

3. Such a life like you describe would not suit me at all. ___

4. If you try and lift that stone， youll do yourself injury. ___

句子翻译

1. 我奶奶身体越来越差，我们都很担心她的健康。

2. 我对英国的最初印象与食物有关。

3. 如果你不多穿点，你会感冒的。

4. 为了保持健康，我每天进行一小时的锻炼。

单项选择

1. Many people are not ___ enough to run so many kilometers.

A. fit B. good

C. fat D. wealthy

2. He had a（n） ___ good eye both for things and people.

A. rarely B. unusually

C. mostly D. completely

3. Tom is so crazy ___ football that he will spend a lot of this summer holiday ___ it.

A. with； on B. about； on

C. with； in D. about； in

4. I ___ my back yesterday. Ive ___ a backache today.

A. hurt； got B. injured； fallen

C. hurt； fallen D. injured； got

5. John may be slow in working but ___ he works hard.

A. at least B. at last

C. at most D. at best

6. This kind of bird is ___ and can be ___ seen here.

A. rarely； rare B. rare； rare

C. rare； rarely D. rarely； rarely

7. I like to ___ a bus driver when I grow up.

A. become B. turn

C. grow D. get

8. She got a high fever， so her temperature was ___ normal.

A. on B. above

C. below D. at

跟踪导练（二）

选词填空

从下列方框里10个单词中选择8个适当单词的正确形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每个单词只使用一次。

normal rare anxious formal head

pain throat eye injury overweight

1. A meaningful saying goes， “No ____ ， no gains.”

2. Keep an eye on the baby. It prefers ____ the light.

3. The others died as a result of their ____ .

4. I am going to ____ for London this evening.

5. She ____ spoke. She had no connection with the world.

6. Were waiting ____ to know the examination results.

7. He has the habit of clearing his ____ before he speaks.

8. ____ ， a woman will lie for a few hours before the birth of her child.

单句改错（下列各句每句有1个错误。）

1. Take more exercise or you will become healthier. ___

2. Dont eat too many sweets. It is bad to your teeth. ___

3. Id rather to be ill for three months than take the medicine.

___

4. My brother has had a pain on his throat for a few days. ___

句子翻译

1. 那条船离开了小岛，向海边驶去。

2. 人们正用一种奇怪的方式注视着他。

3. 他现在身体健康，可以回去工作了。

4. 医生给我的感冒开了一个处方。

单项选择

1. He fell from the tree and ___ so badly ___ that he was sent to the hospital immediately.

A. did； injure B. was； injured

C. has； injured D. is； injured

2. Dont worry. Ill ___ you on the matter.

A. head B. back

C. eye D. hand

3. I saw the cute dog ___ towards you when it saw you.

A. heading B. head

C. heads D. headed

4. This fat girl is ___ and she decides to ___ a diet.

A. overweight； go on B. overweigh； take up

C. overweigh； go on D. overweight； take up

5. He is a man who is always ___ other peoples affairs.

A. handing B. dogging

C. noising D. fingering

6. There is no reason to be anxious ___ such a problem.

A. with B. for

C. about D. at

7. When I ___ down on the sofa， the phone rang.

A. lay B. lain

C. lied D. lie

8. If you have ___ ， you will feel hot on your face.

A. the temperature B. temperature

C. temperatures D. a temperature

完形填空

Sir Walter Raleigh was a famous man in the days of Queen ElizabethⅠ， when no one smoked in England. He travelled widely and learned to 1 . Then he returned to England， but he did not

2 smoking. He smoked two pipes every day secretly in his room. When anyone came in， he quickly put his pipe 3 . But one day he was not quick enough， a man came in and found clouds of smoke in his room. More smoke was 4 from Raleighs mouth， so the man got some water from the kitchen and 5 it over Raleigh. He believed that Raleigh was burning. He ran out of the house and told everyone about it.

After this， smoking was not a 6 . Raleigh told Queen Elizabeth that he could even 7 his smoke. She did not believe this， and asked him to explain.

“First，” he said， “I shall weigh the tobacco. Then I shall put it in my pipe and smoke it. Then I shall weigh the ashes （灰烬） which remain. I can take them out of the pipe and weigh them on a balance. There will be a great difference between the two weights. The tobacco must be 8 than the ashes. The difference between them must be the weight of the smoke.”

However， Raleigh was wrong. When anything burns， it needs oxygen from the air. When Raleighs tobacco burned， it did this， but the oxygen was not in the tobacco at the 9 . It was

10 when Raleigh smoked his pipe. So the smoke was heavier than the difference between the two weights.

1. A. cook B. drink C. smoke D. drive

2. A. stop B. enjoy C. avoid D. mind

3. A. out B. down C. in D. away

4. A. expanding B. coming C. approaching D. boiling

5. A. threw B. put C. cover D. move

6. A. danger B. trouble C. ban D. secret

7. A. design B. weigh C. form D. control

8. A. bigger B. smaller C. lighter D. heavier

9. A. beginning B. middle C. bottom D. top

10. A. lost B. reduced C. added D. changed

跟踪导练（三）

选词填空

从下列方框里10个单词中选择8个适当单词的正确形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每个单词只使用一次。

lung injure overweight rarely normal

breathe pain awful connect prescription

1. My luggage is ____ . Will you help me with it？

2. If I lose you， I will feel ____ .

3. His temperature returned to ____ .

4. He was badly ____ in a car accident.

5. We ____ the word “blue” with the color of the sky.

6. Hi. Please take a look at the bathroom. Its ____ dirty.

7. The animal was still ____ ， so we knew it was still alive.

8. To breathe the fresh air will do your ____ good.

单句改错（下列各句每句有1个错误。）

1. On my way to home， I fell off the bike and hurt myself. ___

2. When can I off work today？ I have to look after my sister. ___

3. This room house six people，a dog and a cat. ___

4. A road of a thousand miles begin with one step. ___

句子翻译

1. 我等会儿不能踢足球，因为我要帮我妈妈打扫房间。

2. 如果我努力学习，就会在这次考试中得高分。

3. 你发烧了，应该去看医生。

4. 我现在下班了，打算去机场接我的朋友。

单项选择

1. You look young. I cant believe that you ___ be 50 years old this year.

A. can B. will

C. shall D. must

2. Maybe there is another train in half an hour， but you should go to ___ first.

A. make sure B. look into

C. make clear D. look out

3. — What is your ___ now？

— My lungs are painful.

A. symptom B. body

C. diet D. health

4. — I finally decided to go to the movies with you.

— Oh， good！ ___ .

A. That couldnt be worse

B. That couldnt be good

C. That couldnt be better

D. That couldnt be best

5. He ___ speak at the meeting， but his heart attack prevented him.

A. had to B. is going to

C. will D. was going to

6. At this time tomorrow ___ over the Atlantic.

A. well be flying B. were going to fly

C. well fly D. were to fly

7. He is thinking ___ his mothers words and dont want to do other things.

A. up B. out

C. about D. of

8. — Youve left the light on.

— Oh， so I have. ___ and turn it off.

A. Ill go B. Ive gone

C. Im going to D. I go

阅读表达（阅读下面短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。）

With the introduction of fast food from the West such as McDonalds， KPC and Pizza Hut， more and more Chinese people like the diet that increases the death rate from certain diseases.

Scientific studies from all over the world show that such fast food is high in animal fat and does harm to ones health. Animal fat causes diseases in human bodies， and it damages ones heart and brain.

Compare these problems with the excellent health， one may enjoy if one takes good Chinese food. The cook goes out every day， buys fresh vegetables， then cooks for just a few minutes so that their nutritional value is kept and afterwards serves them in a most artistic way. Please keep to your traditional ways of eating. They are far healthier than those of the West.

The fast food chains make lots of money. One reason is that the food they serve comes from factories ， which wont go bad easily. The other reason is that Western restaurants are clean and tastefully decorated and they usually have “good service and an inviting dining atmosphere”. Chinese food chains could do equally well if they would organize themselves as the Western chains do.

These lessons in management and decoration are the only ones worth learning from the western fast food chains. In other words， Chinese food chains only need to imitate the style of the western restaurants， not the content of the food or the menus in any way.

Do not let the desire for money destroy the wonderful tradition that China has held to for centuries. Do not let this prevent us from enjoying tasty as well as healthful food.

1. What kind of food do Chinese people more and more like？ （within 2 words）

2. What problems do animal fat bring us？ （within 6 words）

3. Why should we keep our traditional ways of eating according to the author？ （within 10 words）

4. How many reasons are there for the Western fast chains to make lots of money？ （within 2 words）

5. What should Chinese food chains learn from the Western chains？ （within 9 words）

跟踪导练（四）

阅读理解

Do you ever find yourself longing for some time for yourself？ Many of us are so busy with work and school and there is little time left to do something that we enjoy. Maybe the followings can help you to find ways to slow down and enjoy our life.

Evenings with Yourself. Try to save certain weeknights just for you. If others ask you to do something else， just tell them your plans. Use the time for gardening， reading or doing exercise.

Monthly Treat. Schedule a treat for yourself once a month. Maybe you can go to see a movie， have a haircut， play golf or whatever treat youre always thinking about but rarely get to.

Buy Tickets in Advance. Sports， theater， concerts or any other event you would enjoy. Schedule the plans with a friend later. Having the tickets already in hand will force you to make it happen！

Join a Group. Here are some ideas of groups that can allow you some time away from work and study： singing group， book club， biking/walking/running/etc clubs， ski club， etc. What are you interested in？ Look up a club in your area today and join！ If you cant find a club， consider starting one by yourself！

Exercise. For busy people it can be difficult to make time for this. All you have to do is decide today and then make it a reality tomorrow. A new habit is started with just one step. Take that first step tomorrow. Walk for 20 minutes in the morning. Then build on that success daily.

1. Why do people have little time for relaxation？

A. They are too tired of life.

B. They are busy with their jobs and study.

C. They are eager to achieve success in life.

D. They find it difficult to make their dreams come true.

2. How many ways can help you relax according to the passage？

A. 3 B. 4

C. 5 D. 6

3. Whats the most important to a busy man if he wants to do exercise？

A. Just doing it first.

B. Joining a health club.

C. Making a long-term plan.

D. Buying some sports equipment.

4. Whats the best title of the passage？

A. How to Keep Fit

B. Do more Exercise

C. Find Time for Yourself

D. Spend Time with Your Friends

选词填空

从下列方框里10个单词中选择8个适当单词的正确形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每个单词只使用一次。

healthy insurance awful prescription wealthy

painful breathe crazy injury symptom

1. If you study in another country， you will have to buy your own ____ .

2. He was ____ hard when he finished the race.

3. Doctors must be able to read ____ correctly.

4. In this country， the weather is usually very ____ . Its so hot！

5. This medicine can only be got with a（n） ____ .

6. Her two children are ____ about chocolates.

7. I find it interesting and ____ to go mountain climbing.

8. Dick tried to give part of his ____ to Miss Alice.

单句改错（下列各句每句有1个错误。）

1. Youd better keep away me because I have had a bad cold.

___

2. Im afraid of being fat， but I have sweet tooth. ___

3. Tom grew normal， and he was full of energy. ___

4. Please breath slowly and drink a big glass of water. ___

句子翻译

1. 当他的体温被发现高于正常值许多时，他被送去了医院。

2. 周凯在高中时就迷上了足球。

3. 如果她继续那样工作下去，一定会生病的。

4. 他将所有的钱都投资于生意了。

单项选择

1. Rarely ___ heard of such a silly thing.

A. have I B. I have

C. was I D. I was

2. The forest guards often find campfires that have not been ___ completely.

A. turned over B. turned down

C. put out D. put into

3. Amy joined a painting group but didnt seem to ___ ， so she left.

A. fit in B. come over

C. get through D. go up

4. I have ___ a cold for about a month.

A. become B. caught

C. caused D. had

5. — Do you know that you get this job？

— ___ ！ I am excited.

A. Oh dear B. Oh bad

C. Oh really D. Oh well

6. He has ___ some bad habits at that club.

A. been connected with B. picked up

C. put into D. begun with

7. They just carried out the order ___ .

A. as told B. as are told

C. as telling D. as being told

8. The flowers his friend gave him will die unless ___ every day.

A. water B. watering

C. watered D. to water

Health and Diet

健康与饮食

Today in China， we are beginning to see more and more health problems because of poor diet and little exercise. Its high time that something should be done about this. Parents should remember that their children need to eat plenty of healthy food. These dont include most snacks， as they are high in salt or sugar. This is also true of such unhealthy food that comes from fast food. In order to keep healthy， people should go on a “green diet”. It means that there are many more vegetables than meat or sugar products. People should pay attention to what they should eat or not in order not to get fat. It is also essential to have a good rest for healthy lifestyle. Besides diet and rest， people should have proper exercise to be strong or lose weight. People should have more vigorous physical activities like aerobic exercise if they set goals. It is necessary for you to have weight training if you want to gain muscles. When you are on a diet， you should know it cannot change on what food you eat or what exercise you do. It should have a life-time change for effective diet. It requires the belief of keeping healthy and goals of self-supervision.

在当今的我国，我们可以看到不均衡的饮食和运动的缺乏引发了越来越多的健康问题。我们需要采取行动来解决这一问题了。父母应该谨记他们的孩子需要吃足够的健康食品。这些健康食品并不包括大部分的零食，因为它们含盐或含糖量太高。快餐中的不健康食品也是如此。想要健康的人们应该坚持吃“绿色饮食”。这意味着要多吃蔬菜，少吃肉类和高糖食品。他们应当注意吃什么不吃什么的问题，这样才不会长胖。休息对于健康的生活方式也是十分必要的。除了饮食或休息外，为了增强体质或减肥，人们还需要进行适当的运动。如果确定了目标，人们应该进行更为激烈的运动，比如有氧运动。如果你想获得肌肉，那么进行负重训练是必需的。当你在减肥的时候，你要知道减肥不只是短时间内在吃什么或者做什么样的运动上做一些改变就可以了。有效的减肥需要做终身的改变。这需要有渴望保持健康的信念，也需要为了达成这样的目标而进行自我督促。