A Brush With Grace

By+Bai+Shi

For calligrapher Yan Gongda， calligraphy is not only an art but also a lifelong spiritual quest.

Yan comes from a literary background. He was born in 1948 in Changshu， east Chinas Jiangsu Province， descendant of ancient philosopher Yan Yan—himself a disciple of Confucius. From childhood， Yan was trained in calligraphy and Chinese ink painting.

After years of unremitting practice， Yan has excelled at several styles of calligraphy. In recent years， his caoshu style has blossomed into graceful works. While Yans calligraphy is rooted in the ancient traditional style， he has also pioneered work on an abstract zhuanshu style.

Yan integrated his strong knowledge of traditional Chinese culture into the structure of characters， in which contemporary aesthetics are on full display.

Pursuing graceful art

Yan believes that a calligrapher should seek to refine ones taste throughout life. While average people have their own opinions about what fine art should look like， artists should refrain from pandering in their work. Still， Yan added， art ultimately stems from everyday life.

“Chinese calligraphy is not only an art of strokes but also an art of time. If we look at history， we will find that those calligraphy masterpieces handwritten by ancient artists were filled with social and cultural features of their eras，” Yan said.

“For example， the greatest ancient calligrapher Wang Xizhis masterpiece Preface of the Orchid Pavilion and Yan Zhenqings A Funeral Oration for the Nephew， have both reflected peoples sentiments of their times. With the backbone of culture， calligraphy can have great vitality and deep influence on a given generation，” Yan said.

In Yans view， a skillful work should reflect the characteristics of its time， as well as the traditional culture and individual features of the calligrapher.

“We yearn for masterpieces by contemporary artists. To create such works， calligraphers should throw themselves into real life and integrate their thoughts on human society into their art works organically.”

“Furthermore， calligraphers should realize that calligraphy is a reflection of our national spirit， which plays an important role in uniting our society. That is the direction of art，” Yan said.

“What is more， a calligrapher should never divorce himself from the people and his time. He or she should have gratitude to society and humanitarian spirit while respecting traditional culture，” Yan said.endprint

Cultivating moral characters

An old Chinese proverb states that ones handwriting is like ones personality. Yan strongly agrees. Chinese characters， as a type of hieroglyphic， are uniquely capable of bringing out the individual traits of the writer.

In Yans view， a person should first learn to behave correctly before learning calligraphy. If a persons ethics is lacking， then his or her calligraphy will suffer.

“As an artist， one should be indifferent to fame and wealth，” Yan said. “A true calligrapher must have three traits： rich knowledge， brilliant inspiration and superb skill.”

“Of all the arts， calligraphy is the hardest in which to reach a high skill level. The artist must create an abstract expression based on rich cultural knowledge. To be an outstanding calligrapher， one must first have an in-depth knowledge of philosophy， history， literature and even music. One has to spend many years learning different subjects and integrate them into calligraphy and eventually create ones own style，” Yan said.

“To some extent， the secret of calligraphy cannot be explained by language. It can only be understood by a feeling in the heart，” said Yan.“For this reason， calligraphy is not so much a skill but rather a philosophy.”

Yan said calligraphy embodies the moral principles of Confucianism. One can understand the philosophy of life through calligraphy. Many calligraphers have attained “excellence in both calligraphy skills and moral integrity” through their artistic careers and charitable activities.

Yan believes that repeated practice over a long period is the way to mastering calligraphy. Apart from practicing， a calligrapher should be immersed in human emotion and gradually comprehend the true meaning of the art.

Yan said traditional Chinese culture， fundamentally， is the culture of tao. Despite its metaphysical nature， tao is the essence of ancient Chinese wisdom and contains rules and laws that still have important influence today. Chinese calligraphy is an art of strokes and lines of characters， which themselves are the artistic symbols expressing Taoist thoughts. The core idea of Taoism is the golden mean or the middle course of two extremes.

“A noble man should study hard to gain knowledge and insight into subtle questions. Consequently， he can become a man of wisdom with a balance between himself and society，” said Yan. “The style of freehand brushwork embodies Taoist thought.”endprint

A calligrapher may not be a scholar， but as an artist， he must develop a unique cultural perspective， Yan said.

For a calligrapher to enrich his mental landscape， Yans advice is simple： Learn from the masters from both at home and abroad.

“Moreover， we cannot ignore the great achievements of contemporary scholars， par- ticularly Zhu Guangqian， who was a pioneer in modern Chinas aesthetic theories. In short， a calligrapher should be open to any types of knowledge and skill relevant to his art，” Yan said.

Exemplifying philanthropy

In addition to pursuing an art career， Yan values benevolence， and charity has become an important part of his life.

Since 2008， Yan has donated over 10 million yuan （$1.6 million） to charities focusing on education and culture. Yan， who avoids the spotlight when it comes to his donations， said that he finds happiness in giving back.

“A core concept in Chinese culture is to respect nature and love people. For thousands of years， we have been taught to follow the rules of nature and be kind to people as well as care for the whole world，” Yan said.

When Yan was a teenager， his aunt gave a set of cotton quilt to his parents. At that time， people were undergoing a period of hardship， so the quilt was a precious gift. Yans mother generously donated it to another family in need， leading Yan to complain. Yans mother said to him that the neighbor children were poorer and they needed the quilt more. The young Yan learned a basic principle： One should be kind to others.

Yan believes that the nature of an era is life and people. As a calligrapher， he believes that all arts cannot be separated from the artists surroundings. Therefore， artists should undertake social responsibility while pursuing their careers.endprint