NF-κB及p38MAPK信号通路对支气管上皮细胞与中性粒细胞共培养IL-6分泌的调控作用

2014-04-21 00:45唐红卫王成彬
解放军医学院学报 2014年7期
关键词:磁珠共培养中性

唐红卫,王成彬

解放军总医院 临床检验科,北京 100853

NF-κB及p38MAPK信号通路对支气管上皮细胞与中性粒细胞共培养IL-6分泌的调控作用

唐红卫,王成彬

解放军总医院 临床检验科,北京 100853

目的 探讨支气管上皮细胞(bronchial epithelial cells,BEAS-2B)与中性粒细胞(neutrophils,NEU)联合培养时IL-6分泌的机制。方法免疫磁珠法提取外周血中性粒细胞,建立中性粒细胞与BEAS-2B细胞联合培养体系。应用Roche cobas e411检测上清液中IL-6浓度。结果BEAS-2B和中性粒细胞联合培养时,上清液IL-6浓度为(3 691±482.3) pg/ml,与细胞单独培养[BEAS-2B(313.4±34.7) pg/ml;NEU(219.1±11.3) pg/ml]差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);蛋白质印迹法(Western blotting)结果显示BEAS-2B和中性粒细胞联合培养可激活BEAS-2B细胞内NF-κB及p38MAPK的信号通路;而加入NF-κB通路抑制剂MG-132,可有效抑制上清液中IL-6的分泌[(1 075.3±83.9) pg/ml vs (3 691±482.3) pg/ml,P<0.01];p38MAPK通路抑制剂SB203580亦能抑制IL-6的分泌[(1 532.8±176.1) pg/ml vs (3 691±482.3) pg/ml,P<0.01];且MG-132的抑制效果明显好于SB2035580[(1 075.3±83.9) pg/ml vs (1 532.8±176.1) pg/ml,P<0.01];当联合使用两种抑制剂(MG-132和SB203580)时可进一步减少IL-6的分泌[(353.1±33.5) pg/ml vs (1 075.3±83.9) pg/ml,P<0.01;(353.1±33.5) pg/ml vs (1 532.8±176.1) pg/ml,P<0.01]。结论BEAS-2B细胞与NEU细胞接触后激活BEAS-2B细胞体内NF-κB及p38MAPK通路,进而调控IL-6的分泌。

支气管上皮细胞;中性粒细胞;IL-6;信号通路;

细胞因子(cytokines,CK)可调控炎症反应或作为炎症反应的效应分子,参与炎症细胞的发育、成熟、分化、募集、活化的各个环节,因此在气道炎症性疾病的发病机制中发挥重要作用。白介素-6(interleukelin-6,IL-6)是细胞因子大家庭的重要一员,主要由单核巨噬细胞、内皮细胞、上皮细胞及淋巴样细胞产生,是一种多效应细胞因子[1-2]。在气道炎症发病机制中,IL-6主要作为协同因子与IL-4、IL-5、IL-13促进B细胞分化成熟与IgE合成,但IL-6不能单独使静息的B细胞合成IgE[3-5]。一些研究表明支气管上皮细胞与嗜酸性粒细胞联合培养可刺激IL-6的分泌,并且IL-6的分泌与NF-κB及p38MAPK信号转导通路密切相关[6-7]。然而,中性粒细胞作为气道炎症反应的主要效应细胞,其在IL-6的分泌过程中发挥的作用却少有研究。本次试验,我们重点探讨支气管上皮细胞与中性粒细胞联合培养,上清液中IL-6产生的细胞内调控机制。

材料和方法

1 材料 实验所需静脉血取自健康志愿者,13.8%枸橼酸钠抗凝;BEAS-2B细胞由军事医学科学院朱茂祥教授惠赠;来自于正常人的支气管上皮细胞NHBE,美国专利号:U. S. Pa.t 4885238,引进时细胞代龄为22代。

2 仪器与试剂 Anti-CD16免疫磁珠、磁性分离器、LS分离柱(Miltenyi Biotech,德国),全自动血细胞分析仪(SysmexXE-2100,日本),Cobas e411及其配套试剂(Roche,德国)。Phospho-IκBα (Ser32) (14D4) Rabbit mAb、Phospho-p38 MAPK Rabbit mAb(Cell Signal Technology,美国),山羊抗兔IgG/辣根酶标记(中杉金桥,中国),SB-203580(Selleck,美国),MG-132(Selleck,美国)。

3 中性粒细胞的提取与共培养体系的建立 取抗凝全血20 ml,采用免疫磁珠法提取中性粒细胞,全自动血细胞分析仪鉴定中性粒细胞浓度,锥虫蓝染色鉴定细胞活力;取纯度>95%、活力>90%的中性粒细胞,DMEM/F12培养基重悬待用[8-9]。BEAS-2B细胞培养于DMEM/F12培养基(含10%胎牛血清),37℃,5% CO2,95%湿度培养,待形成单层细胞时加入中性粒细胞。抑制性实验中,BEAS-2B细胞和中性粒细胞预先用抑制剂SB-203580或MG-132处理1 h[10-11]。

4 IL-6检测 BEAS-2B细胞按8×104/孔接种于48孔板,待细胞融合>95%,每孔加入5×105中性粒细胞,共孵育8 h。收集单独或混合培养2 h、4 h、8 h、12 h时的各组细胞上清液,置于无菌管中,1 500 r/min,离心10 min。用Roche Cobase 411机器检测各组上清液中IL-6的浓度。

5 Western blot检测BEAS-2B细胞内NF-κB及p38MAPK信号通路的活性 BEAS-2B细胞按6.4×105/孔接种于6孔板中,待形成单层细胞时,每孔加入4×106中性粒细胞,共孵育15 min (p38MAPK 30 min),收集BEAS-2B细胞。胰酶消化,收集BEAS-2B细胞[12-13]。加入RIPA高效裂解液,4℃,12 500 r/min×5 min,收集上清液,即为所提取蛋白。加入上样缓冲液,煮沸15 min,进行10% SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳。电泳结束后,采用半干转膜法将蛋白转入PVDF膜上。用5%脱脂奶粉封闭4 h,然后加入兔源性单克隆抗体,4℃,过夜。TBST洗膜3次,加入山羊抗兔IgG/辣根酶标记抗体,室温1 h。洗膜3次,加入发光液,显影。

6 统计学处理 采用SPSS16.0进行统计学分析,结果均以表示;各组间IL-6结果比较采用单因素方差分析检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。

结 果

1 免疫磁珠阳选法分离纯化外周血中性粒细胞免疫磁珠阳选法分离纯化中性粒细胞,全自动血细胞分析仪测中性粒细胞纯度为97.4%,锥虫蓝染色测中性粒细胞活力>98%。

2 上清液中IL-6的浓度 BEAS-2B细胞及NEU细胞单独培养时,上清液中仅分泌少量IL-6。将两种细胞共孵育2 h、4 h、8 h、12 h时,发现上清液中IL-6的含量均较单独培养时明显增加;且随着共孵育时间的延长,IL-6的分泌量亦逐渐增加,至8 h时达峰值(图1);而加入NF-κB通路抑制剂MG-132,可有效抑制上清液中IL-6的分泌;p38MAPK通路抑制剂SB203580亦能抑制IL-6的分泌;且MG-132的抑制效果明显好于SB2035580;当联合使用两种抑制剂(MG-132和SB203580)时可进一步减少IL-6的分泌。见表1。

3 BEAS-2B细胞内NF-κB、p38 MAPK的活性Western blotting结果显示:BEAS-2B细胞单独培养时,细胞内不表达Phospho-IκBα;加入中性粒细胞联合培养后,细胞内Phospho-IκBα的表达量显著增加,即联合培养激活细胞内NF-κB通路;加入NF-κB通路抑制剂MG-132后,BEAS-2B细胞内Phospho-IκBα表达量下降(图2A)。BEAS-2B单独培养时表达低水平的Phosphop38MAPK;受到中性粒细胞刺激后Phospho-p38MAPK的表达量明显增加,而抑制剂SB-203580能有效抑制BEAS-2B细胞体内Phosphop38MAPK的表达(图2B)。

表1 共培养8 h时IL-6的分泌量Tab. 1 Level of IL-6 when BEAS-2B and neutrophils were co-cultured for 8 h

图 1 不同共培养时间对IL-6分泌的影响B:BEAS-2B细胞;N:Neutrophils。 a:P<0.01,与BEAS-2B细胞单独培养比较;b:P<0.001,与BEAS-2B细胞单独培养比较Fig. 1 Effect of different co-cultured time on IL-6 secretion B: BEAS-2B cell; N: Neutrophils. a:P<0.01, compared with BEAS-2B cells alone; b: P<0.001, compared with BEAS-2B cells alone

图 2 Western blot 检测BEAS-2B细胞内NF-κB、p38-MAPK通路的活性Fig. 2 Activity of NF-κB and p38-MAPK in BEAS-2B cells detected by Western blot

讨 论

气道炎症时,受损的支气管上皮周围聚集大量中性粒细胞、单核细胞、巨噬细胞、肥大细胞、T淋巴细胞等。这些细胞相互作用,并释放大量细胞因子(IL-6、MCP-1、GM-CSF等)参与支气管上皮的损伤、修复和重建[14-15]。研究证实支气管上皮细胞在IL-6的分泌过程中发挥重要作用。我们研究表明,静息状态下的BEAS-2B细胞及NEU细胞仅能分泌少量的IL-6,这可能与维持机体正常的生理活动有关。当BEAS-2B细胞接受中性粒细胞刺激后,2 h即可见上清液中IL-6含量明显增加,并且随着共培养时间的延长,IL-6的含量逐渐上升,至8 h左右达峰值,12 h IL-6含量下降。NF-κB是转录因子Rel家族的重要成员,静息状态下与I-κB构成异源二聚体(NF-κB/ I-κB),而不具备生物活性。当接受外界刺激后,可以触发激酶活化和继后的I-κB分子的磷酸化,后者可迅速降解并导致NF-κB/I-κB复合物的分离。然后活化的NF-κB异二聚体穿过核膜进入核内,并将κB元件与相应基因结合导致转录活化。p38-MAPK通路是丝裂原活化蛋白激酶的重要成员,在基因表达调控和细胞质功能活动过程中发挥重要作用,而P38-MAPK蛋白的磷酸化是p38-MAPK通路激活的先决条件。因此,为探讨NF-κB及p38-MAPK通路在IL-6分泌中所起的作用,我们采用Western blot检测BEAS-2B细胞内phosphor-IκB蛋白及phosphor-P38MAPK蛋白水平。本研究发现,单独培养的BEAS-2B细胞内phosphor-IκB蛋白及phosphor-P38MAPK表达量极低;在接受中性粒细胞刺激后,BEAS-2B细胞内IκB和P38MAPK蛋白磷酸化水平明显增加。从而说明BEAS-2B细胞与中性粒细胞联合培养可激活BEAS-2B细胞内NF-κB通路及p38-MAPK通路。为进一步探明,NF-κB通路及p38-MAPK通路与IL-6分泌之间的关系,我们在实验中加入NF-κB通路抑制剂MG-132和p38-MAPK通路抑制剂SB203580。结果发现,抑制剂MG-132及SB203580均可减少联合培养组上清液中IL-6的含量,并且MG-132的抑制效果较SB-203580好,联合使用两种抑制剂可进一步抑制IL-6的分泌,使IL-6含量恢复至正常水平。这说明IL-6的分泌主要受NF-κB及p38-MAPK通路的调控,通过抑制通路的活性可减少IL-6的分泌,而且NF-κB通路在调控IL-6的分泌过程中占主要位置。

综上所述,支气管上皮细胞直接参与气道炎症过程,中性粒细胞与支气管上皮细胞接触后,主要通过激活支气管上皮细胞内的NF-κB、p38MAPK信号转导通路,直接或间接调控IL-6的分泌,而NF-κB通路抑制剂、p38MAPK通路抑制剂可极大减少IL-6的分泌。因此,研究NF-κB通路抑制剂、p38MAPK通路抑制剂对控制气道炎症效果具有重要临床意义。

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Regulation of NF - κB and p38MAPK on IL-6 induced by the co-culture between neutrophils and bronchial epithelial cells

TANG Hong-wei, WANG Cheng-bin
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China

WANG Cheng-bin. Email:wangcb301@126.com

ObjectiveTo investigate the secretory mechanism of interleukin (IL)-6 when bronchial epithelial cells were co-cultured with neutrophils.MethodsNeutrophils were isolated by immune-magnetic beads positive selection method and a system of human bronchial epithelial cells co-cultured with human neutrophils was constructed. The level of IL-6 was detected by the Cobas e411.ResultsThe level of IL-6 (3 691±482.3) pg/ml in the supernatant was signifcantly higher than the cells cultured singly [BEAS-2B (313.4±34.7) pg/ml; NEU (219.1±11.3) pg/ml], (P<0.001). Western blotting suggested that NF-κB and p38-MAPK in BEAS-2B could be activated when BEAS-2B was co-cultured with neutrophils. The release of IL-6 could be inhibited effectively with MG-132 (the proteasome inhibitor of NF-κB) [(1 075.3±83.9) pg/ml vs (3 691±482.3) pg/ml, P<0.01]. SB203580, the proteasome inhibitor of p38-MAPK, could also inhibit the release of IL-6 [(1 532.8±176.1) pg/ml vs (3 691±482.3) pg/ml, P<0.01]. However, the MG-132 performed better than SB203580 in inhibiting the release of IL-6 [(1 075.3±83.9) pg/ml vs (1 532.8±176.1) pg/ml, P<0.01]. The release of IL-6 decreased further when treated with the two inhibitors [(353.1±33.5) pg/ml vs (1 075.3±83.9) pg/ml) P<0.01; (353.1±33.5) pg/ml vs (1 532.8±176.1) pg/ml, P<0.01].ConclusionThe signal transduction pathway of NF - κB and p38MAPK in BEAS-2B can be activated, which can regulate the release of IL-6, when BEAS-2B are co-cultured with neutrophils.

bronchial epithelial cells; neutrophils; IL-6; signal pathway

R 562.25

A

2095-5227(2014)07-0730-04

10.3969/j.issn.2095-5227.2014.07.023

时间:2014-04-01 17:42

http://www.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.3275.R.20140401.1742.004.html

2014-03-12

军队医学科研十二五重大专项(CWS12J021);国家科技支撑计划(2013BAI17B05)

Supported by the 12th Five Years major special Projects of Chinese PLA Medical Technologies(CWS12J021); National Key Technology R&D Program (2013BAI17B05)

唐红卫,男,在读硕士,技师。研究方向:免疫。Email:tanghongwei301@163.com

王成彬。Email:wangcb301@126.com

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