词汇短语园地

1. defend v. 防守，防御；保卫，辩解

Troops have been sent to defend the borders.

部队已被派出守卫边疆。

How can you defend such behavior？

你怎能为这种行为辩解呢？

搭配：

defend sb/sth against sb/sth 抵御……；为…申辩

All officers are trained to defend themselves against knife attacks.

所有警察都接受过防御训练以对付持刀袭击。

defence n. 保卫，防御；辩方，被告方

At least， for that， his defence team should be grateful.

至少对于这一点，他的辩护团应该感到感激。

2. attend v. 上（学）；出席，参加；照料

She is so sick that she cant attend a class.

她病得太严重而不能上课。

It is necessary for you to attend the meeting.

你有必要参加这次会议。

She was constantly attended by her sister.

她经常由她姐姐照料着。

attend to sb/sth 处理；照料；注意（听）

I have some urgent business to attend to.

我有一些急事要处理。

3. various adj. 各种各样的，各种不同的；若干

There are various ways of doing this work.

做这一工作的方法有很多种。

Various people said theyd seen the accident.

一些人说他们目睹了这次车祸。

variety n. 各式各样的事物；变化，多样化；种类，品种

Everyone arrived late at the party for a variety of reasons.

参加聚会的人因为种种原因而迟到。

4. immediate adj. 立刻的，即刻的；直接的

This work demands your immediate attention.

这项工作需要你立即处理。

The immediate cause of the fire is unknown.

造成火灾的直接原因不明。

immediately adv. 立即地，马上

conj. 一……就……

I came immediately after I had eaten.

我一吃完饭就过来了。

5. deserve v. 应得，值得；值得受到（奖赏或惩罚）

You deserve a good rest after all that hard work.

辛苦这么久，你该好好休息下了。

If the little boy really lied， he deserved punishment.

如果那个小男孩真的撒谎了，那他应该受到惩罚。

搭配：

（sb） deserve to do（某人）应做（某事）

Everyone deserves to have a chance at life.

每个人在人生当中都应得一次机会。

6. rely v. 信任，信赖；依赖，依靠

You can rely on me to keep your secret.

你尽可以相信我会替你保守秘密。

These days people rely heavily on computers to finish work.

今天的人们很大程度上依赖电脑来完成工作。

Rely on me/my doing it.

放心好了，我会做那件事。

7. appoint v. 任命，委派；安排，确定（时间、地点）

They appointed him as captain of the English team.

他们任命他为英格兰队队长。

A date for the meeting is still to be appointed.

会议日期尚待确定。

appointment n. 预约；约会；任命

The director wont see you unless you have an appointment.

除非事先预约，否则董事不会见你。

8. commit v. 犯（错误，罪行）；作出保证，承诺

Most teenagers commit crimes because they lack parental control.

大多数青少年犯罪是由于缺少父母监管。

The manager has refused to commit himself on this matter.

那位经理拒绝就此问题作出承诺。

commitment n. 承诺，诺言；忠诚，支持

The companys commitment to providing quality at a reasonable price has been vital to its success.

这家公司保证供货质优价廉的承诺对它的成功起了决定性作用。

9. confirm v.（尤指通过提供更多证据）证实，进一步确

定；批准，确认

The expression on her face confirmed our worst fears.

她脸上的表情证实了我们最担心的事情发生了。

confirmation n. 证实；证明；确定

There has still been no official confirmation of the report.

传闻还没有得到官方的证实。

10. There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问……

There is no doubt that we did the right thing.

毫无疑问我们做对了。

There is no doubt that she will call us when she gets there.

她到达那儿的时候必定会给我们打电话。

（1） there is no possibility that... 没有……的可能性

There is no possibility that she will be lost.

她不可能会迷路。

（2） it is no wonder that... 难怪……

It is no wonder that youve got a headache when you drank so much last night.

昨晚你喝了那么多酒，难怪你头痛。

11. if necessary 如果有必要的话

If necessary （= If it is necessary）， you can use my car.

必要的话，你可以用给我的车。

You may refer the matter to him if necessary （= if it is necessary）.

必要的话你可以把这件事委托给他。

“if+形容词”是“if （it is/was） + 形容词”省略it is/was的形式；if necessary为if it is necessary省略句形式。if后还可跟possible，ready等。例如：

If possible （= If it is possible）， let me know beforehand.

如果可能，事先让我知道。

Send the goods now if ready （= if it is ready）.

货物如已备好，请立即送来。

12. be used to （sth/doing sth） 习惯于（某事/做某事）

We are used to the noise from the traffic now.

现在我们已经适应车辆往来的噪音了。

I found the job tiring at first but soon I was used to it.

起初我觉得这份工作很辛苦，但很快就习惯了。

辨析：

比较be used to和used to

be used to指某人已经习惯、适应于某事，与过去无关；否定形式为be not used to。同时，可与get used to sth/doing sth互换。

Im not used to eating so much at lunch time.

我不习惯午饭吃那么多。

used to指过去常常做某事而现在不做某事；否定形式为didnt use to或usednt to。

I used to smoke， but I gave up a couple of years ago.

我以前要抽烟，但两年前戒掉了。

13. draw sbs attention to 引起某人注意（某事物）

The teacher tries to draw students attention to what she is saying.

老师想把学生注意力引到她所讲的内容上。

pay attention to 注意……，留心

You must pay attention to the teacher.

你必须专心听老师讲课。

The music was on but I wasnt paying much attention to it.

音乐响起，但是我没怎么注意听。

14. take possession of 占有，占据，拥有

You cant take possession of the house until all the papers have been signed.

所有的文件签字以后你才能拥有这座房子。

（1） possess v. 拥有，占有；支配

The police asked me if I possessed the car.

警察问这辆车是不是我的。

（2） in possession of 拥有，占有

He is in possession of a large estate in the country.

他在乡下拥有一大块地产。

15. be based on 根据，以……为基础

The report is based on six different figures from six European cities.

报告是根据来自欧洲六个城市的不同数据完成的。

Friendship should be based on mutual respect.

友谊应建立在对彼此的尊重之上。

（1） base n. 底部，根基，基础；总部，基地

v. 以……为基础；以……为基地

Many languages have Latin as their base.

许多语言都以拉丁语为基础。

Our companys base is in London， but we have branches all over the world.

我们公司的总部在伦敦，但是我们在全世界各处都设有分公司。