高春花
单项选择包含了比较多的基础知识点,其中主要考查的是词汇和语法,但是随着每年中考一步步的改进,单选题更注重考查学生的实际运用能力了。纯粹考语法的题目在逐渐减少,取而代之的是在着重考查单词、词组在特殊语境中的含义。因为考生易被干扰项迷惑,从而失分。所以要注意不要形成思维定势。
在记单词、词组的固定搭配时,学生更应该注重自己归纳总结。比如哪些动词后跟动词不定式,哪些动词后接动名词,哪些动词既可以跟不定式又可以跟动名词。除此之外在做单选时一定要注意养成良好的习惯,审清题目,这样在做题时既能节省时间,又能提高正确率。
当然由于单选的命题有重点突出、覆盖面广、答案唯一、选对不易、重视语境、强调情景、迷惑性大、综合性强等特点,所以在做单选时还应牢记下面的“六脉神剑”。
第一招:注意题干中暗示的信息
现在的考试不再像以前那样,直接告诉题意,而是把题置于一个特定的环境。题干上常暗含题意,这种暗示信息,就是答题的关键。例如:
Im not sure about the meaning of the word, youd better look it up in a(n) ______.
A. letter B. dictionary C. article
【解析】本题考查的是名词的用法。从题干上可知A、B、C三个选项都可以,这时我们看到题干中有the meaning of the word,意思是“这个单词的意思”,可知应该选dictionary(词典)。
第二招:注意题干中的关键词
例如:
—I ______ something wrong just now. May I use your eraser?
—Of course, here you are.
A. write B. wrote C. am writing
【解析】本题考查的是动词的时态。由题干中的关键词just now(刚刚)可知此处应用一般过去时,故选B。
第三招:注意一些特殊的语法现象
例如:
Dear students, please read every sentence carefully. The more ______ you are, the ______ mistakes youll make.
A. carefully; fewer B. careful; less
C. careful; fewer
【解析】本题考查的是比较级的用法。此题的句型是the+比较级,the+比较级。先看第一个空,此处缺少的是一个形容词,故排除A项。第二个空缺少的是一个形容词的比较级,而且,由这个形容词修饰的名词mistakes可知,此处应该用fewer来修饰,因为less修饰不可数名词,故选C。
第四招:注意审题,排除干扰选项
例如:
—Could I borrow your computer, Bob?
—Sorry, I am ______ it.
A. taking on B. turning on
C. working on
【解析】本题考查的是动词词组的用法。take on意为“呈现;承担”;turn on意为“打开”; work on意为“致力于……”;A、B两项填到句子中都不通顺,只有C项放进去读得通。因此由题意判断,应选C。
第五招:注意积累知识,牢记固定搭配
例如:
I spent a lot of time ______ English last weekend.
A. to practice speaking
B. practicing to speak
C. practicing speaking
【解析】本题考查的是动词的用法。从题干可知考查的是spend和practice的用法,此题考查的是spend+时间+v.-ing和practice doing的结构,故选C。
第六招:注意英语日常习惯表达
例如:
—My grandfather was ill in hospital last week.
—______
A. I dont think so.
B. Im sorry to hear that.
C. Thats a good idea.
【解析】本题考查的是英语中日常交际
用语的用法。A项意为“我不这样认为”,B项意为“听到这个消息我很难过”,C项意为“这是个好主意”。题干的意思是“我的爷爷上周住院了”,这里说的是一个不好的消息,相对应的回答应该是表达自己对已发生的事情表示遗憾或者难受,故选B。
小试牛刀
( )1. Read the ______ carefully. They will help you know how to use the popper.
A. instructions
B. decisions
C. results
( )2. Drivers shouldnt be allowed ______ after drinking, or they will break the law.
A. drive
B. driving
C. to drive
( )3. —I called you at 4:00 yesterday afternoon, but no one answered.
—Sorry, I ______ with my friends at that time.
A. swim
B. swam
C. was swimming
( )4. —I saw some people planting trees on the mountain yesterday.
—Thats good!The ______ trees people plant, the ______ our environment will be.
A. much; better
B. more; better
C. more; worse
( )5. —Boys, would you mind not playing basketball here?
—_________, Mr. Li.
A. No, thanks
B. Sorry, we wont do it again C. I cant stand it
( )6. How I wish I could sleep longer! However, I had to get up as soon as the alarm clock ______.
A. ran off
B. went off
C. took off