你想游览全世界吗?交通方式太过单一肯定不行,必须要“海陆空”才能周游全世界!请看两道与“海陆空”有关的中考题:
1. Her mother goes to work __________ bus every morning. (2012年贵州省毕节市)
A. byB. atC. onD. in
2. I met a good friend of mine while I _______ on the street. (2011年广西壮族自治区梧州市)
A. walksB. walkC. was walkingD. am walking
分析:上面的两道中考题均是在考查同学们对“交通方式”用法的掌握情况,答案为:1. A;2. C。
英语中,“交通方式”无非就是“海陆空”。有了“海陆空”,你就可以便捷地周游全世界了。那么,“海陆空”的表达方式有哪几种呢?
一、用“by + 交通工具名词”表示“海陆空”
此时交通工具的名词只能用单数,不能用复数,也不能被冠词或物主代词等限定词修饰,如by bike(骑自行车)、 by bus(乘公共汽车)、by train(乘火车)、by ship(乘轮船)、by plane(乘飞机)、by subway(乘地铁)等。例如:
I often go to work by car. 我常常坐小汽车去上班。
He goes to school by bus everyday. 他每天乘坐公共汽车去上学。
二、用“by + 交通路线的位置”来表示“海陆空”
用这种方式表示的“海陆空”主要有by land(从陆路)、by water(从水路)、by sea(从海路)、by air(乘飞机)等。例如:
They always go to London by sea. 他们总是乘船去伦敦。
We will go to America by air next week. 下周我们要乘飞机去美国。
三、用“in(on) + 交通工具名词”来表示“海陆空”
此时交通工具名词前必须有冠词、名词所有格形式或形容词性物主代词等限定词修饰。例如:
Mike often goes to see his grandfather on his bike. 迈克常常骑自行车去看望他的爷爷。
Don’t come here on/in the ship. 不要坐船来这里。
We go to the Great Wall in a car. 我们乘坐小汽车去长城。
四、用“take a(the)+交通工具名词”来表示“海陆空”
用这种方式表示的“海陆空”主要有take a bus(乘公共汽车)、take a train(乘火车)、take a ship/boat(乘轮船)、take a plane(乘飞机)、take a taxi(乘出租车),但是“骑自行车/马/摩托车”要用ride a bike/horse/motorbike来表示。例如:
We usually ride our motorbikes to go home. 我们通常骑摩托车回家。
Does Tom usually take a taxi there? 汤姆通常乘出租车去那里吗?
Will you take a train to Shanghai? 你将乘火车去上海吗?
五、用“动词 + 介词to + 地点”来表示“海陆空”
用这种方式表示的“海陆空”主要有walk to...(步行去)、ride to...(骑车/马去)、drive to...(开车去)、fly to...(乘飞机去)等。在使用这种方式表示“海陆空”时要注意:“walk to + 地点名词”与“go to + 地点名词 + on foot”意思相同,它们之间可进行同义句转换;介词to后接地点副词home、here、there等,须把介词to省略掉。例如:
Mary rides to the factory on weekdays. 玛丽平时是驾车去工厂的。
My classmates will fly to Beijing next week. 我的同班同学下周将乘飞机去北京。
They usually walk home after school.(=They usually go home on foot after school.) 他们通常放学后步行回家。
除了上面的几种表达方式外,我们学习“海陆空”时还要注意两点:
1. 对“海陆空”方式的状语提问要用特殊疑问词how。例如:
He goes to the bus station by bike. →
How does he go to the bus station?
My parents went to the countryside in their car. →
How did your parents go to the countryside?
2. “by +交通工具/交通线路”与“in/on+修饰语+交通工具”都是介词短语在句子中作状语,两者可直接互换; 也可用动词“take/ride +修饰语+交通工具”或“动词(walk、ride、drive、fly)+介词to+地点”替换句中相关部分。例如:
I often go to school by bus.
=I often go to school on a bus.
=I often take a bus to school.
=I often take a bus to get to school.
我常常乘坐公共汽车去上学。
【学以致用】根据汉语完成句子,每空一词。
1. —格林先生是怎样去邮局的?
—他是步行去邮局的。
—________ did Mr Green _______ ________ the post office?
—He _______ there _________ _________.
2. 她有时候骑自行车去上学。
She sometimes goes to school _______ ________ ________.
She sometimes goes to school _________ ________.
She sometimes _________ ________ _________ to school.
3. 你可以乘公共汽车去那里。
You can go there _________ _________
You can go there _________ _________ _________.
You can _______ _______ _______ to go there.
4. 他们常常乘飞机去日本。
They often ________ ________ Japan.
They often go to Japan _________ _________.
They often go to Japan _________ _________ ________