有关冠词的若干难点例析

刘淑娟

一、定冠词还是不定冠词

例1:1. Football issport I love,sport that has given me so much.

A. a ,theB. a,aC./ , aD. the,the

析:该题容易错选A,正确答案是B。句中a sport that has given me so much与a sport I love是同位关系,仍用不定冠词。

eg:①He has found a job,a good job which is suitable for him.

他找到了一份工作,一份适合他的工作。

②He has found a job.The job is suitable for him.

他找到一份工作,这份工作适合他。

析:①句中a job(可用one代替)which is suitable for him与前面a job是同位关系。

②实际上是两个句子,第二个句中the job特指第一句中提到的job.

例2:Wouldnt it bewonderful world if all nations lived inpeace with one another.

A. a,/B. the,/C. a,theD. the,the

析:该题容易错选B,正确答案是A。The world,the moon,the sun,the earth等世界上独一无二的东西前有形容词修饰时用不定冠词。

eg:The 21st century promises to be a peaceful and friendly world.二十一世纪会是一个和平友好的世界。

We all hope to see?摇a?摇full moon tonight.我们都希望今晚看见一轮圆月。

例3:He ismost determined young man and wants to besecond Newton.

A. a,aB. the,theC. a,theD. /,the

析:该题容易错选B,正确答案是A。序数词或最高级前用定冠词,但a most=very并非表示最高级;a+序数词表示“又一,再一”。

eg:Dalian is a most interesting city and worth visiting a third time.大连是一个很有趣味的城市,值得参观三次。

Dalian is the most interesting city in China.大连是中国最有趣味的城市。

It is the third time I have visited Dalian.这是我第三次来大连参观。

二、要冠词还是不要冠词

例1:—Hello,is that Ms.Blackburn,the head teacher speaking?

—Im sorry,There isnt Ms.Blackburn in our school.

A. theB. aC. oneD. /

析:该题容易错选D,正确答案是B。人名前一般不用冠词,但表示说话者对此人不认识或指与某名人有类似性质,特点的人或事物时,人名前要用不定冠词。

eg:Mr.Wang came to ask for you this morning.王先生今天上午来找你了。

A Mr.Wang came to ask for you this morning.一位王先生今天上午来找你了。(说话者不认识王先生)

We all regard him as a living LeiFeng.我们都认为他是个活雷锋。(雷锋指代乐于助人的人)

例2:The taxi driver was put inprison because his car had knocked down a child.His wife went toprison to see him twice a month.

A. /,/B. the,theC. /,theD. the,/

析:该题容易错选A,正确答案是C,英语中in prison(坐牢), in hospital(住院), in bed(躺床上),in school(在校读书), go to school (上学), leave school (毕业), go to church(做礼拜)等短语中名词前面零冠词都有其特定的含义,当该类词不表示其特定含义时则需要用冠词。

eg:Mom is ill in hospital,so I have to go to the hospital to look after her.

妈妈生病住院,我得去医院照顾他。

例3:Jackson is quite satisfied with the job now for which he is paid.

A. by an hourB. by the hour C. by hourD. by hours

析:该题容易错选C,正确答案是B。By表示“按……计算”,后面的名词是可数名词时与定冠词the连用,后面的名词是不可数名词时不用冠词,如:by weight, by volumn, by time, by the day, by the month, by the dozen,by the piece,by the metre,by the yard等。

例4:Itscomfort to know that his experiment turned out to besuccess.

A. a,/B. /,aC. /, /D. a,a

析:该题容易错选C,正确答案是D。抽象名词surprise,shock,pleasure,comfort,treat,success,failure,danger等具体化时,表示一具体的人或事时,与不定冠词连用。

eg:His coming to the meeting was a big surprise. 他来参加会议真是意外。

Playing on the beach is quite a pleasure.在沙滩上玩是相当快乐的事。

Your telephones have been a great comfort to me. 你的电话一直给我极大的安慰。

The news of her mothers death was a terrible shock to her. 她母亲死去的消息使她极为震惊。

As a father,he is a failure.But as a teacher, he is a success.作为一位父亲,它是失败者,但作为一位教师,他是成功的。

三、不定冠词a,还是an

例1:Yesterday we receivedunexpected visitor fromEuropean country.

A. a,aB. an,anC. a,anD. an,a

析:该题容易错选C,正确答案是D。不定冠词a用于辅音因素前(并非辅音子母),不定冠词an 则用于元音因素前(并非元音字母前)。如:an honest man , an excellent film, a hot day,a university.

eg:There is an S-shaped object in the sky. 天空有个S形状的东西。

You have dropped an “n” in the word “government”.单词government你漏写了一个字母n。