院士风采

植物学家。江苏武进人。1925年获金陵大学理学士学位。中国科学研植物研究所研究员。早年创建庐山森林植物园。曾领导云南金鸡纳和橡胶宜林地勘察和育苗造林工作。毕生致力于蕨类植物研究，为中国蕨类学之父。1940年发表《水龙骨科的自然分类》，将占真蕨种数90%的一个十分庞杂的水龙骨科划分为33科，249属，震动了当时国际蕨类学界并产生了极其深远的影响，因而获荷属印尼隆福氏生物学奖。他编写了第一本中国植物志和许多专著。1978年修订发表了他1954年设计的中国蕨类植物系统，为全国各标本馆采用，他建立的科相继为国际同行所接受。

1955年被选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Botanist and founder of Chinese pteridology. Born in Wujin,Jiangsu Province. Received BS from Jinling University in 1925.Research professor and director, Department of Phytotaxonomy and Phytogeography, Institute of Botany, Chinaese Academy of Sciences.

In his early years, Qin established the Lushan Arboretum and Botanical Garden and led to prospect the suitable area for growing seedlings and afforesting Cjinchona and rubber trees in Yunnan.He was engaged in pteridology in all his life. He published “On the Natural Classification of the Family, Polypodiaceae” in 1940, in which Polypodiaceae, the largest and confused family containing 90% of the total fern spjecies, was divided into 33 families with 249 genera. This achievement made a powerful impact on the pteridology circles, exerted profound and lasting influence on the development of fern taxonomy,and was given the Longfu’s Biology Prize. In 1978, he compiled“The Chinese Fern Families and Genera: Systematic Arrangement and Historical Origin”, which was adopted by all of the herbaria in China and accepted by international colleagues successively. This work won the first class prize of the Natural Science Award of the Chinese Academy of Science and State Science and Technology Commission.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

钱崇澍1883.11.11～1965.12.28

植物学家。浙江海宁人。1914年毕业于美国伊利诺伊大学大学自然科学院，后又在芝加哥大学、哈佛大学学习，获芝加哥大学硕士学位。中国科学院植物研究所研究员、所长。中国近代植物学的开拓者之一。在中国最早发表了有关植物分类学、植物生理学、地植物学和区系学的著作；对兰科、荨麻科、豆科、毛莨科等进行了系统的分类学研究，发现了许多新种；对中国的许多植物科属分类、森林植物及一些地区的植物区系和植被做了深入的考察，采集了大量标本；与胡先·等植物学家创建了中国早期的植物学研究机构和学术团体，编写了中国第一本大学生物系教科书《高等植物学》。

1955年被选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Botanist. Born in Haining, Zhejiang Province. Graduated from the College of Natural Sciences, University of Illinois, USA in 1914 and later studied in the University of Chicago and Harvard University.Received MS from the University of Chicago. Professor and director,Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Qian was one of the founders of modern botany in China. He was the first to publish works on plant taxonomy, plant physiology,geobotany and florology in China. He made systematical studies on the families of Orchidaceae, Urticaceae, Leguminocae, and Ranunculaceae and found many new species. He made collections and investigations on the taxonomy of families and genus, forest plants and the flora and vegetation in many areas of China. Together with other botanists such as Hu Xianxiao, he established the early research institutions and academic societies in China and wrote “Advanced Botany”, the first textbook in China for college students in biology.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

殷宏章1908.10.01～1992.11.30

植物生理学家。原籍贵州贵阳，生于山东兖州。1929年毕业于南开大学。1938年获美国加州理工学院博士学位。中国科学院上海植物生理研究所研究员、名誉所长。发现了对植物突然改变光强、光质时，光合作用也发生瞬间变化，进一步验证光合作用有两个光化学反应系统；参加领导了抗菌素的生产和研究；1959年创建了我国第一个光合作用实验室，在光合作用磷酸化的机理，尤其是其中高能中间态的存在和性质方面，取得了重要进展；利用自己发明的组织化学方法，弄清了磷酸化酶在植物器官和组织中的分布，又证明植物体内存在磷酸化酶，而光照下由糖变淀粉的过程是与磷酸化有关的。

1955年被选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Plant physiologist. Born in Yanzhou, Shandong Province.Graduated from Nankai University. Received Ph.D. from California Insititute of Technology, USA in 1938. Research professor and honorary director, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Yin found that the rate of photosynthesis of Elodea changes transiently at the moment when the color of light is shifted and further proved that photosynthesis has two photochemistry reaciion systems.He coordinated the research and development in antibiotic production and established China’s first photosynthesis laboratory, which made important progress in the understanding of the mechanism of photosynthetic phosphorylation, especially the existence and character of a high-energy intermediate state. Using tissue chemistry method invented by himself, he clarified the phosphorylase in plant organs and tissues, demonstrated the occurrence of phosphorylase in the plant, and showed that the formation of starch from sugar under illumination was related to phosphorylation.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

涂 治1901.08～1976.03

农学家。湖北黄陂忍1924年毕业于北京清华大学。1929年获美国明尼苏达大学研究员博士学位。八一农学院教授、院长，中国科学院新疆分院第一副院长，新疆农业科学院院长，新疆科协主席。对新疆的教育与科学事业及农业生产的发展作出了积极的贡献；积极推广草田轮作制，单倍体育育种及灌溉、水稻塑料薄膜育秧等先进农业技术。

1955年被选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Agriculturist. Born in Huangpi, Hubei Province. Graduated from Qinghua University in 1924. Received Ph.D. from the University of Minnesota, USA in 1929. Director, Xinjiang Agriculture and Forestry Bureau and Xinjiang Agrucultural Bureau, vice president, Xinjiang Association of Science and Technology, professor and president,August Ist Agricultural College, first vice president, Xinjiang Branch of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, president, Xinjaing Acasemy of Agricultural Sciences, chairman, Xinjiang Science Society, and member, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

Tu made an active contribution to the education, sciences and the development of agricultural production in Xinjiang. He popularized actively advanced agricultural technologies, such as forage-field crop rotation, haploid breeding, spriinkling irrigation, filmmulched rece nursery, etc..

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.