院士风采

黄子卿1900.01.02～1982.07.23

化学家。广东梅县人。1921年毕业于清华学堂。1924年在美国威斯康辛大学化学系毕业，获理学士学位；1925年在康乃尔大学化学系获硕士学位；1935年在麻省理工学院获博士学位。北京大学教授。毕生从事物理化学的教学和研究，在溶液理论和热力学方面的研究尤为突出。1938年所发表论文《水的三相点温度》，被国际上公认为出色的成果，其测定数值（0.00980℃）被国际温标会议采纳，定位国际温度标准之一，他本人因此被选入美国的《世界名人录》。1956年编著出版的《物理化学》是第一步高水平的中文物理化学教科书。

1955年被选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Chemist. Born in Meixian, Guangdong Province. Graduated from Tsinghua University in 1921. Received B.Sc. from the University of Wisconsin in 1924, M.Sc. from the Department of Chemistry, Cornell University in 1925 and Ph.D. from MIT, USA in 1935. Professor, Peking University.

Huang had dedicated his whole life to the teaching and research on physical chemistry. His outstanding work was in the study of the theory of solution and thermodynamics. His wellknown paper “Determination of Triplepoint of Ice-Water-Vapor”came out in 1938 and the value(0.0098℃ ) was adopted by international temperature standard organizations. His name was included in th “World Biography” published in USA. He compiled “Physical Chemistry” in 1956 which was the first best textbook of physical chemistry in Chinese.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

黄鸣龙1898.07.03～1979.07.01

化学家。江苏扬州人。1924年获德国柏林大学博士学位。中国科学院上海有机化学研究所研究员。早年，研究过中药延胡索和细辛中的有效成分。后研究甾族化学，发现了甾族中的双烯酮酚反应，并应用于山道年及其一类物的立体化学的研究。发现山道年的四个类似物在酸、碱作用下可以“成圈”地转变，由此推断出其相对构型，使后来国内外在解决山道年和一类物的绝对构想和全合成有了理论依据。改良了开息纳尔沃尔夫还原法，被称为“黄鸣龙改良还原法”，已被编入各国有机化学教科书中。利用薯蓣皂素为原料，七步合成了可的松，并很快投入了生产，是我国甾族激素药物工业的奠基人。后又研制了中国首创口服避孕药甲地孕酮和其他几种主要甾族计划生育药物。

1955年被选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Organic chemist. Born in Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province.Received Ph.D. from the University of Beriln, Germany in 1924.Research professor, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Huang’s early work was concerned with the research on the effective components of Chinese herbs, such as corydalis and asarum. He studied the chemistry of steroids and found the dienone-phenol neaviangement, with which he studied the stereochemistry of santonin and analogs and found 4 stereoisomers of santonin analogs which could cyclically transform under the action of base or acid. He deduced the relative configuration which laid a theoretical basis for Chinese and foreign chemists to solve problems in absolute configuration and total synthesis of santonin. He improved the Kishner-Wolff reduction which was called “Huang Minglong improved reduction” in many textbooks. He synthesized cortisone in 7 steps with diosgenin as starting material and the production of cortisone using this method was quickly put into production.He was the founder of Chinese industry for producting steroid hormones. He discovered the oral meglstrol and some other drugs for birth control.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

梁树权1912.09.17～2006.12.09

化学家。广东中山人。1933年毕业于燕京大学。1937年获德国慕尼黑大学博士学位。中国科学院化学研究所研究员。长期从事无机分析化学研究工作。1939年发表的《铁原子量修订》博士论文中的数值，次年即为国际原子量委员会所采用，并沿用至今。曾从事硫酸根、氟离子、钨、钼、稀土元素等分析方法的研究，殷商古青铜的分析以及微量及痕量分析方法的研究。包头白云矿稀土及稀有元素分析方法研究曾获奖励。

1955年被选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Chemist. Born in Zhongshan, Guangdong Province.Graduated from Yanjiang University in 1933. Received Ph.D.from Munich University, Germany in 1937. Research professor,Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Liang has been engaged in the research of inorganic analysis for a long time. In 1939, he published his doctoral dissertation“Revision of Atomic Weight of Iron” and in the next year, the datum was adopted by the International Commission of Atomic Weights. He studied the analytical method for sulfate, fluoride,tungsten, molybeenum and rare earth elements and so on. He also studied analytical methods for unearthed bronze of Shang Dynasty(16th-11th century, B.C.) and methods for trace and micro-analysis. He won an award for his analytical work in the analysis of rare earth elements in Baotou Baiyun iron ore.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

傅 鹰1902.01.19～1979.09.07

化学家。福建闽侯人。1919年就读于燕京大学化学系。1922年赴美留学，1928年获密执安大学科学博士学位并留校任研究员。北京大学教授。创建中国第一个胶体化学教研室并任主任。1962年任北京大学副校长。早在1928年有关溶液吸附的博士论文工作中，即对著名的特劳贝规则进行了研究与修正。在进行液体对固体的润湿热研究中，提出润湿热是总表面能变化的度量，不能完全依靠润湿热大小来判断固体对液体的吸附程度，并于1929年首创了利用润湿热测定固体粉末比表面的热化学方法。后又发现了溶液中的多分子层吸附现象，并将BET多层吸公式由气相中的吸附推广到溶液中的吸附。编著出版有较大影响的《大学普通化学》、《化学热力学导论》等书。

1955年被选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Chemist. Born in Minhou, Fujian Province. Studied in the Department of Chemistry, Yanjing University in 1919. Went to the US to study in 1922. Received Ph.D. from the University of Michigan in 1928 and worked there as a research fellow after receiving his degree. Porfessor, Peking University, and founder and head of the Faculty of Colloid Chemsitry, China’s first faculty of its kind.

Fu became the vice president of Peking University from 1962. His Ph.D. dissertation work in 1928 was concerned with solution absorption. He carefully studied the well-known Traube rule and revised it. In his research on Wetting heat of liquid to solid, he claimed that wetting heat was the measure of surface energy of the whole surface, so absorption degree of solid to liquid could not be decided completely by wetting heat. In 1929, he created a thermodynamic method tu measure the specific surface of powders by the determination of wetting heat. Later, he found the phenomenon of multimolecular layer absorption in solution and expanded the application of BET multilayer absorption formula from gas phase to solution. His most influential works are“College General Chemistry”, and “Introduction to Chemistry Thermodynamics” and so on.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.