细说“ｍａｋｅ＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构

康俊民

在句子中，用来补充说明宾语的成分称为宾语补足语。形容词、动词不定式、名词、分词等经常充当宾语补足语。英语中有些及物动词接了宾语后，句子表达的意思还不是很完整，需要接宾语补足语来补充说明，以使句子意思表达完整明了。宾语和宾语补足语一起合称为“复合宾语”。让我们一起来总结一下“make+宾语+宾语补足语”的结构吧。

一、make+宾语+形容词

这种结构表示的意思为“使……处于某种状态”。宾语补足语用来修饰事物的性质或人所处的状态。常用表示情感的happy，sad等或表示状态的, strong, nervous等充当宾补。例如：

The news made him very happy. 这个消息使他非常高兴。

Too much wine makes men drunk. 喝太多的酒会使人醉的。

二、make+宾语+名词

这种结构表示的意思为“使……成为……”，“让……当……”。例如：

The movie made her a star. 那部电影使她成了明星。

They made Obama the president of the United States. 他们使奥巴马成为美国总统。

三、make+宾语+过去分词

在这种结构中，宾语往往是反身代词，宾语和宾语补足语之间是被动关系。例如：

I made myself understood by all the students in the low grades. 我得让低年级的所有学生明白我的意思。

Can you make yourself understood in English？ 你能用英语清楚地表达你的意思吗？

四、make+宾语+不定式

这种结构的意思为“(迫)使某人做某事”。make用作使役动词，即意为“使得”时，后若接动词不定式作宾语补足语，不定式符号to习惯上被省略。例如：

She always makes me laugh. 她总是让我发笑。

The hostess made us all feel quite at home. 女主人让我们感觉像在家里一样。

特别提示： 在make sb. do sth的被动结构中，要加上to，即sb. be made to do sth.。例如：

They were made to sit and wait for two hours. 他们被迫坐着等了两个小时。

Children should be made to understand the importance of table manners. 应该让孩子们明白餐桌礼仪的重要性。

五、make+宾语+现在分词

这种结构表示的意思为“使(让)某人一直处于某种状态”。后接现在分词作宾语补足语，表示动作正在发生或进行。现在分词与宾语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系。例如：

His mother made him standing all the time. 他的妈妈让他一直站着。

【真题演练】

（ ）1． Li Leis words made her _______.（2007山东济南）

A. happily B. angrily C. cryingD. angry

（ ）2． —How do you feel when you watch the national flag go up?

—It makes me _______ very proud. (2008湖北黄冈)

A. felt B. to feel C. feeling D. feel

（ ）3． Alice was ill. She was made ______ some medicine. (2008山东莱州)

A. take B. to take

C. taking D. taken

（ ）4. We all love Miss Yang. She always makes her history class very ______. (2008重庆市）

A. interest B. interests

C. interesting D. interested

（ ）5. This photo often makes meof my teachers in the primary school. (2007吉林)

A. think B. to think

C. thinks D. thinking

（ ）6. —You look sad, Kate.

—Yeah, I have made mistakes in my report. (2007湖北武汉)

A. a little B. little C. a few D. few

（ ）7. Time goes by so fast. We must never miss the chance to show love for our parents and make themhow much they mean to us. (2007黑龙江哈尔滨)

A. to know B. knowing C. know

（ ）8. —Whats your brother doing in his room now?

—Hea kite. (2006北京)

A. makes B. made

C. is making D. will make