“条件从句”表达知多少

周　华

在平时的教学中，学生们会在练习中遇到各种各样的条件从句的表达法，现将它们归纳如下：

一.if：“如果”，这是最常见的，也是学生掌握最牢的。例如：

①If you demand his presence，warn him in advance.(如果你要他来，就事先通知他。)

② If it had not been for your help，we would not have succeeded.(要不是你们的帮助，我们就不会成功。)

二.as/so long as “只要，如果” 例如：

①Its a good idea to start a part-time job as long as it doesnt affect your studies.(只要不影响你的学习而干点零活，这是个好主意。)

②You shall never enter this house so long as I live in it.(只要我住在这间屋里，你就甭想进来。)

三.on/upon condition that “在……条件下，假如……” 例如：

①Ill lend you the book on condition that you can return it in time.(只要你能及时归还，我就把这本书借给你。)

②You can go out on condition that you

wear an overcoat.(你要穿上外衣才能出去。)

四.on the understanding that “在……条件下，以此为条件” 例如：

①I lent him 500 yuan on the under-standing that he would repay me today.(我借给他500元，条件是他得今天还我。)

②Ill give her some money on the understanding that she should spend it on books.(我借给她一些钱，条件是她要把这些钱用来买书。)

五.suppose/supposing(that)“假定/设……” 例如：

①Suppose(that) the news is true，what then?(假定这消息是真的，那又怎样?)

②Supposing(that) you had a million pounds—how would you spend it?(假如你有一百万英镑——你会怎么花呢?)

六provided/providing(that)“在……情况下，假如……” 例如：

①I will agree to go provided/providing my expenses are paid.(假如为我负担费用，我就同意去。)

② Provided we get good weather it will be a successful holiday.(如果天气好，我们的假期将过得非常好。)

七.in case “如果……” 例如：

① In case he comes ，let me know.(如果他来，就告诉我。)

②In case of fire ，ring the alarm bell.(万一发生火灾，立即按警铃。)

八.while “只要” 例如：

①There will be class struggle while classes exist.(只要有阶级，就有阶级斗争。)

九.but that “要不是……” 例如：

①But that you had seen me in the water，I would have drowned.(要不是你看见我掉进水里，我早就淹死了。)

②He would have come with us but that he had no money.(他要不是因为缺钱，就与我们一起来了。) ★